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Organic Chemistry 2

QuestionAnswer
What is a chloroalkane? A compound in which one or more hydrogen atoms in an alkane molecule have been replaced by chlorine atoms
What is a functional group? An atom or group of atoms which is responsible for the characteristic properties of an organic compound or a series of organic compounds
What is a primary alcohol? An alcohol where the carbon atom joined to the hydroxyl group is attached to only one other carbon atom
What is a secondary alcohol? An alcohol where the carbon atom joined to the hydroxyl group is attached to two other carbon atoms
What is a tertiary alcohol? An alcohol where the carbon atom joined to the hydroxyl group is attached to three other carbon atoms
What is the polar part of an alcohol? The hydroxyl group
Why are the boiling points of alcohols higher than alkanes? Hydrogen bonding between alcohol molecules is stronger than the van der vaal forces between alkanes
What is an aldehyde? An organic compound containing the group —CHO, formed by the oxidation of alcohols.
Name the prefixes in order pf increasing number of carbon atoms Meth, eth, prop, but, pent, hex, hept, oct
What is a carbonyl group? A carbon oxygen double bond
What are the forces of attraction between aldehyde molecules? Permanent dipole-dipole interations
Name an aldehyde Benzaldehyde
Why are aldehydes very watersoluble? Because of the hydrogen bonding between the oxygen atom in the carbonyl group and the hydrogen atom in a water molecule
What are ketones? A series of organic compounds containing the >C=O group
What kind of bonding occurs in ketones? Dipole-dipole
Name a ketone Propanone
What are carboxylic acids? Carboxylic acids are a homologous series in which the compounds contain a functional group called the carboxyl group (-COOH)
What is the general formula for carboxylic acids? CnH2n+1COOH
What kind of bonding occurs in carboxylic acid? Hydrogen bonding
What is an ester? A family of compounds with the general formula RCOOR'
How are esters formed? By replacing the hydroxyl group of a carboxylic acid with an alkyl group
What kind of reaction forms an ester? Condensation
What is a condensation reaction? A reaction in which two molecules combine to form a larger molecule, producing a small molecule such as H2O as a by-product.
Created by: JackEatonK98
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