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Africa Unit 3.1
Africa Geography
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| drought | periods of little rainfall. |
| nomads | people who move from place to place looking for water or food. |
| deforestation | the process of cutting or burning trees and other vegetation from land; has occurred with 90% of African rain forests because of logging, road building, and poor farming. |
| desertification | the process of land becoming like a desert, due to destructive land use or climate change, such as drought. |
| subsistence farming | farming that provides for the basic needs of the farmer's family, with little or nothing left over to sell. |
| slash and burn | a form of agriculture in which an area of forest is cleared by cutting and burning and is then planted, usually for several seasons, before being left behind. |
| infrastructure | the basic physical systems of a country's population, including roads, utilities, healthcare, water, and sewage. |
| savanna | rolling grassland and scattered trees and shrubs. |
| tropical rainforest | a dense evergreen forest that receives at least 60 inches of annual rainfall and has constant warm temperatures; contains a wide variety of plant and animal life. |
| oasis | a small place in a desert where trees are able to grow and where people can live with grazing animals and a few crops. |
| Sahara | world's largest desert, covering most of Northern Africa. |
| Sahel | transition zone south of Sahara and north of equator that separates the Sahara from tropical rain forests; has become more of a desert in recent years. |
| Nile River | world's longest river, which flows northward out of the mountains of Central Africa through eastern Africa into the Mediterranean Sea. |
| Lake Victoria | headwaters (beginning) reservoir for the Nile River and also the largest lake in Africa; second largest freshwater lake in the world. |
| Congo River | Second longest river in Africa; crosses the equator twice and is surrounded by rainforest. |
| Mt. Kilimanjaro | Highest mountain on the Africa continent. Located in the country of Tanzania. |
| Great Rift Valley | In Africa, a place where the earth’s tetonic forces are presently trying to create new plates by splitting apart new ones |
| Niger River | River is the third largest river in Africa and it runs over 2,600 miles |
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