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TRIPLE3 organic 2

TRIPLE AQA chapter 11 alcohol carbacid ester aminoacid DNA

QuestionAnswer
What is the formula of Ethanol? What is the MOLECULAR formula of Ethanol? C2H5OH or CH3-CH2-OH, both show some structure; but C2H6O for the MOLECULAR where you must NOT show any element of structure (how the atoms are arranged)
What is the formula of Ethanoic acid? What is the MOLECULAR formula of Ethanoic acid? CH3COOH ; but C2H4O2 for the MOLECULAR where you must NOT show any element of structure (how the atoms are arranged)
What is the formula of EthylEthanoate? What is the MOLECULAR formula of Ethanoic acid? CH3COOC2H5 or CH3COOCH2CH3; but C4H8O2 for the MOLECULAR where you must NOT show any element of structure (how the atoms are arranged)
How do you recognise an alcohol from the structural formula Look for a -OH group (a an Oxygen stuck between a carbon and a Hydrogen)
How do you recognise a carboxylic acid from the structural formula Look for a –COOH group (a C that has a C=O double bond AND an O-H attached)
How do you recognise an ester from the structural formula Look for a –COO-C group(a C that has a C=O double bond AND an Oxygen stuck between two Carbons)
Describe tests to help you distinguish between an alcohol, a carboxylic acid and an ester? The alcohol would be the only one to turn Potassium Dichromate from orange to green, the carboxylic acid would be the only one tofizz with Sodium Carbonate; an ester would show no reaction with either test
What are the products of the reaction between Propanoic acid and sodium carbonate? Sodium Propanoate, carbon dioxide and water
Write the word equation for the reaction between Ethanoic Acid and Magnesium carbonate Ethanoic Acid + Magnesium carbonate  Magnesium Ethanoate + Carbon Dioxide + water
How do you draw the ester given the alcohol and the carboxylic acid? flip-box-link; flip the alcohol so that the OH faces the OH from the carboxylic acid; draw a box aroun the OH of the carboxylic acid and the H of the OH of the alcohol; remove water
What is the name of the ester formed from Ethanoic acid and Propanol? PropylEthanoate; the alcohol ending changes from ANOL to YL and the carboxylic acid ending changes from OIC ACID to OATE
What is the name of the ester formed from Propanoic acid and Ethanol? EthylPropanoate; the alcohol ending changes from ANOL to YL and the carboxylic acid ending changes from OIC ACID to OATE
What is the name of the alcohol and carboxylic acid that would make Methyl Butanoate Methanol and Butanoic acid; the YL comes from the alcohol and the OATE comes from the carboxylic acid
What is the name of the alcohol and carboxylic acid that would make Butyl Methanoate Butanol and Methanoic acid; the YL comes from the alcohol and the OATE comes from the carboxylic acid
Write the equation for the polymerisation of PropaneDIol and EthaneDIoicacid. H-O-CH2-CH2-CH2-O-H + HO-OC-CO-OH  -(-CH2-CH2-CH2-O-OC-CO-O-)n- ; did you remember the little “n”? did you take out the OH at one end of the molecule and the H on the other end?
Write a balanced equation for the complete combustion of methane CH4 + 2 O2  CO2 + 2 H2O (did you remember to balance the oxygen?)
Write a balanced equation for the reaction of Ethanol and Sodium 2 CH3-CH2-O-H + 2 Na  2 CH3-CH2-ONa + H2; please note that you are NOT allowed to draw a dash (a covalent bond) between O and Na because it is an ionic bond
Write a balanced equation for the complete combustion of ethanol C2H5OH + 3 O2  2 CO2 + 3 H2O (did you remember to balance the oxygen? Did you spot that there is already one oxygen on the alcohol?)
Write a balanced equation for the fermentation of glucose to produce ethanol C6H12O6  2 CO2 + 2 C2H5OH (better LEARN the formula of glucose)
Write a balanced equation for the hydration of Ethene to produce ethanol C2H4 +H2O  C2H5OH (check your notes on Reactions of AlkEnes)
What is the type of polymerisation between an alcohol and a carboxylic acid? condensation
What is the difference between ADDITION and CONDENSATION polymerization? 1) Addition takes place when AlkEnes join together; condensation happens between amino acids (or between diols and dicarb acids); 2) in condensation, a small molecule like H2O is produced 3)addition=one monomer; condensation= TWO monomers
What is the name of the polymer formed when a di-alcohol and a di-carboxylic acid react? poly(ester)
What is a di-alcohol? a chemical that has TWO O-H groups on either side of the molecule
What is the name of the link formed when an alcohol joins to a carboxylic acid? an ester group
What is the name of the link formed between two aminoacids? a peptide link
When two amino cids join together, a dipeptide is formed and what other product? water
Write the equation for the reaction between two glycine molecules NH2-CH2-COOH NH2-CH2-COOH NH2-CH2-CO-NH-CH2-COOH; (flip-box-link)
Write the equation for the reaction between many glycine molecules NH2-CH2-COOH n NH2-CH2-COOH -(-NH-CH2-CO-NH-CH2-CO-)-n; (flip-box-link); remember the “n” to show many; remember to remove one H from the end and the OH from the COOH end; ensure the links at either end go through the brackets
Write the equation for the peptide formed by the reaction between glycine NH2-CH2-COOH and Alanine NH2-CH(CH3)-COOH NH2-CH2-COOH + NH2-CH(CH3)-COOH  NH2-CH2-CO-NH-CH(CH3)-COOH; and NH2-CH(CH3)-CO-NH-CH2-COOH (flip-box-link): there are TWO peptides formed depending which ends you joined together!
What is the name of the chemical link formed when two aminoacids join to each other? Peptide link
Why are carboxylic acids said to be weak acids? because they are only PARTIALLY dissociated; most of the molecules stay as carboxylic acids; some split into the salt (carboxylate) and H+ ion
Two carboxylic acids A and B of the same concentration have respective pH of 4 and 5. Which of A or B is the strongest of the two acids? A, the lower the pH, the stronger the acid (but keep in mind that ALL carboxylic acids are WEAK acids)
Why does Hydrochloric Acid react more violently that Ethanoic acid, even when both are the same concentration? Because HCl is a strong acid (totally dissociated into H+ and Cl-) when Ethanoic acid is only partially dissociated: so HCl produces more H+ than CH3COOH (at same concentration)
What is the name of the reaction that transforms Alcohol into Vinegar? Oxidation
What is the chemical found in Vinegar Ethanoic acid
What is the name of the product formed by the oxidation of Butanol? Butanoic acid (alcohols are always oxidized to the corresponding carboxylic acids)
What are alcohols used for? Solvents in products such as perfumes, mouthwashes and aftershave
What are the reagents for oxidising Ethanol into Ethanoic acid? Acidified Potassium Dichromate
Write is the name of the polymer made from many aminoacids? protein
Describe a nucleotide monomer a molecule formed from a phosphate group, a deoxyribose sugar and one of four bases (so there are four nucleotide monomer)
How many different monomer are found in a polmer strand of DNA? four, as many as the number of nucleotides
What type of polymerisation takes place when the nucleotides join with one another to form a polymer strand of DNA? condensation polymerisation
How do the two strands in DNA join with each other? they join through Hydrogen bondsDescribe the structure of DNA
What are the names of the four bases in DNA Adenine; Guanine; Cytosine; Thymine
What are the two bases that form two hydrogen bonds? Adenine; Thymine
What are the two bases that form three hydrogen bonds? Guanine; Cytosine;
Created by: ursulinechem2
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