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Quizlet chapter 9
From class
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 2 parts of blood | Plasma / formed elements |
| Average WBC | 4,500-11,000 5-6 liters of blood Or 8-10 pints Average adult |
| RBC life span | 120 days |
| Platelet count | 250,000 - 500,000 |
| Agranulocyte | Cells without granules in the cytoplasm, |
| Two categories of WBC | Agranulocyte Granulocyte |
| Artery | Vessel that branches off into smaller vessels known as arterioles and into the capillaries |
| Artery | Vessel that carries highly oxygenated blood away from the heart / Oxygenated from lungs |
| Artery | Have a pulse No valve LV/HP system( because it is traveling from the heart) |
| Largest artery | The aorta |
| Arteries | Have thicker elastic walls then veins Makes are blood bright red |
| Biconcave disk | Shape of RBC |
| Blood | Life giving fluid of the body |
| Capillaries | Some what preamble Tiny microscopic vessels / so small may only have one blood cell pass threw at a time Act as a bridge between venules and arterioles |
| Capillaries | Carry combination of arterial blood and venous blood Carries oxygenated and deoxygenated blood |
| WBC main function | Defense |
| WBC disbursement | Function of the blood that distributes antibodies / defense Defends against pathogenic microbes and viruses |
| Disbursement | Function of the blood that distributes waste products to be excreted (Kidneys) |
| Disbursement to appropriate organs | Function of the blood that delivers hormones produced by the endocrine system |
| Erythroblasts | Immature RBC containing a nucleus |
| Erythrocytes | RBC Lives 120 days |
| MEGAKARYOCYTES | An extremely large bone marrow cell |
| Formed elements | RBC / WBC / platelets |
| Function of the blood | Transportation Disbursement Regulation Hemostasis |
| Granulocyte | Cells with granules in the cytoplasm |
| Hemoglobin | On surface of RBC / binds to oxygen |
| Hemoglobin | Protein and iron pigments makes blood red in color |
| Hemoglobin | Makes up 1/3 of RBC And attracts oxygen |
| Hemostasis | Function of blood that forms blood clots to prevent bleeding |
| Hemostasis | Function of blood that restricts fluid when blood vessels are damaged |
| Erythropoietin | A hormone synthesized in the kidneys and released into the bloodstream In response to anoxia ( lack of oxygen) |
| Erythropoietin | The hormone acts to stimulate and regulate the production of erythrocytes And thus able to increase the oxygen - carrying capacity of the blood |
| Leukocytes | WBC |
| Liver | RBC are produced when fetus in- utero |
| Agranulocytes | Monocytes/ lymphocytes |
| Macrophage | Monocyte that has left circulatory system and entered tissue space |
| Granulocyte | Neutrophil - phagocylize bacteria ( increases with infections) Eosinophil - consumes toxic substances in tissues ( destroys parasites) Basophil - secrete heparin and histamine ( assists with inflammation process) Increases with allergic reactions |
| Bilirubin | The orange-yellow pigment of bile formed principally by the breakdown hemoglobin of hemoglobin in RBC after termination of their normal life span |
| Reticulocyte | Immature RBC No nucleus |
| Vein | Vessel that carries blood TOWARD The heart Veins have valves to prevent back flow |
| Vein | Vessels that transport deoxygenated blood Vessels that branch off into smaller vessels known as venule And then into capillaries |
| Hematopoiesis | Production of formed elements |
| Regulation | Function of the blood that balances blood PH in all parts of the body Regulates electrolyte balance to maintain homeostasis And controls body temp by distributing heat ( kidney) |
| Platelet | Thrombocyte Small disk- shaped fragment of a very large cell Called magakaryocyte |
| Transportation | Function of blood that delivers oxygen from lungs to tissues and Carbon dioxide from tissues to lungs |
| Transports oxygen and carbon dioxide | RBC |
| Hemocytoblast | Undifferentiated ( unspecialized ) stem cell |
| Main function of thrombocyte | Trigger clotting process |
| Vein | LV/LP thinner walls then arteries Dark red Carry both oxygenated and deoxygenated blood |
| Venules | Smaller vien |
| Arterioles | Smaller arteries |
| RBC | Born in the bone marrow / old RBC die in the spleen |
| 1st step of coagulation cascade | Platelets aggregate( plug) Thromboplastin released by platelet triggers clotting cascade |
| 2nd step of coagulation cascade | Thromboplastin released by thrombocytes triggers clotting process cascade Factors activate |
| 3rd step of coagulation cascade | Calcium binds |
| 4th step of coagulation cascade | Prothrombin converts to thrombin |
| 5th step of coagulation cascade | Fibrinogen converts to fibrin |
| Serum | Liquid portion of blood left after coagulation- lack vital clotting factor ( tube) |
| Serum | (No additive) Liquid portion of blood left after centrifuge in a tube |
| Plasma | Liquid portion of blood left after blood has been allowed to separate in a tube (Tube with coagulant) |
| Plasma | Liquid portion of blood -90% h20 10% dissolved solutes Straw in color contain vital clotting factors |
| Fibrinogen | A plasma protein converted into fibrin by thrombin In the presence of calcium ions |
| Agranulocyte | Monocytes / lymphocytes Have No granuals |
| What is the difference between plasma & serum ? | Plasma contains prothrombin & fibrinogen Serum does not |
| What is plasma comprised of ? | 90%h2o & 10% solutes ( ex. Amino acids ,sodium,glucose,hormones, prothrombin , fibrinogen , NA, k , calcium) |
| Importance of RBC shape ? | Biconcaved disk / elastic - stretches to carry hgb & o2 |
| What is serum ? | Plasma with out prothrombin &I fibrinogen |
| Where are RBC destroyed | Spleen |
| Medical term for platelet ? | Thrombocyte / MEGAKARYOCYTES |
| Hoe does the lymph travel within the lymphatic system ? | Lymph travels threw lymph vessels to lymph nodes throughout the lymphatic system |
| Process in which blood plasma leaves the circulatory system And enters the lymphatic system ? | It leaves the capillaries and flows into the tissues (interstitial fluid) then enters the lymph vessels |
| What is the fuction of the lymph nodes ? | To filter the lymph fluid before it can be returned to the circulatory system |
| How does the immune system work with the lymphatic system ? | The lymph nodes become swollen and WBC 'S fight for defense |
| How does lymph return to the circulatory system ? | Lymph nodes filter lymph , it becomes interstitial fluid and gets Reabsorbed Into the circulatory system |
| 3 lines of defense ? | Anatomical ( skin,mucous membranes,intestinal tract, reap tract) Biochemical( tears , sweat ,saliva, urine mucus secretion) Mechanical(coughing , urination, sneezing,sloughing off skin cells) |
| What is an antigen ? | A foreign body that when introduced to the body produces antibodies Ex. Toxins , bacteria , viruses |
| Lymphedema | Swelling of the arms , legs caused by a lymphatic system blockage |
| Lymph vessels | Similar to veins ( no pumps) Have valves to prevent back flow Absorb fluid and other substances and returns Them back to circulatory system |
| Lymph capillaries | Become small lymph vessels Lymph vessels form two main ducts Right lymphatic duct > Throracic duct >. Goes back threw the subclavian vein |
| Muscles movement | Moves Lymph fluid |
| Lymph nodes | Small round oval structures located along lymph vessels Filter lymph to remove bacteria and malignant cells |
| Immune system | Defense for the body 3 lines of defense Barrier(skin , mucus membranes ) Inflammation ( fluid / WBC to site to fight) Antibodies ( comes to fight) |
| Organs of the immune system | Peyer's patches ( in interstitial lymph ) Lymph tissues protect the immune system Example -Bone marrow ( RBC - WBC ) Thymus, lymph nodes, spleen, tonsils, adenoids, appendex |
| Lymphocytes | Two types B- cell matured made and stored in bone marrow produces antibodies against antigens T- cell produced and nature in the thymus assists b-cell |
| T-cells B-cells | That have been activated by an antigen continue to circulate within the body ready to re-attack if the antigen re-envades |
Created by:
Tbella
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