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Chapter 8
joints
Term | Definition |
---|---|
abduction | movement away from the body |
adduction | movement toward the body |
arthrology | the branch of science that studies the structure, function, and dysfunction of joints |
articulation | the joint at which bones meet to form a joint |
ball and socket joints | joint in which the ball-shaped head of one bone fits into a cup-like socket of another |
bursae | small sacs filled with synovial fluid that ease friction in areas where muscles and tendons pass over bony prominence |
cartilaginous joints | semi-movable joints joined by cartilage |
condyloid joints | joint (such as occurs a the base of the fingers) in which an oval convex surface on one bone fits into a similarly shaped depression on another bone |
eversion | foot movement that turns sole laterally, away from the other foot |
fibrous joints | fixed joints bound by collagen fibers |
gliding joints | joint(such as occurs in the tarsal boned of the ankle) in which two bone surfaces slide over each other |
hinge joint | joint that allows only back-and forth movement |
inversion | foot movement that turns the sole medially |
pivot joint | joint (such as occurs between the first and second cervical vertebrae) in which a projection from one bone articulates with the ring-shaped socket of another bone, allowing the bones to pivot |
pronation | movement that turns the palms downward |
saddle joint | joint (such as occurs in the thumbs) in which the surfaces of both bones are concave in one direction and convex in other, allowing the bones to move back and forth and from side to side |
supination | movement that turns the palms upward |
synovial joints | freely movable joints that contain a fluid-filled joint capsule |