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CSII- Rost
Endocrine System- terminology
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Hormone | a chemical substance produced by the body to help regulate the body |
Endocrine gland | specialized tissue within the body which produces hormones. |
Exocrine gland | secretions travel through a atube (duct) to a specific part of the body |
Gonads | the male and female sex glands (testes and ovaries) |
Iodine | an element needed by the thyroid to function properly |
Glucose | a simple sugar |
Polydipsia | excessive thirst |
Polyphagia | excessive hunger |
Polyuria | excessive urination |
Glucosuria | excessive urination |
Insulin | a hormone produced in the pancreas that helps to store sugar |
Glucagon | a hormone that returns stored sugar back to the blood stream for use by the body |
Glycogen | stored form of sugar |
FBS | fasting blood sugar- tests blood sugar level after not eating for 8-10 hrs |
GTT | glucose tolerance test-tests the body's ability to remove sugar from the blood stream for storage |
Diabetes Mellitus | a condition due to a lack of insulin within the body |
IDDM | insulin dependenet diabetes mellitus (Type I) |
NIDDM | non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (Type II) |
Hyperglycemia | excessive amount of sugar in the blood |
Hypoglycemia | lack of adequate sugar in the blood |
Diabetic coma | condition resulting from hyperglycemia |
Insulin shock | condition resulting from hypoglycemia |
Hyperthyroidism | overactivity of the thyroid gland. Body metabolism is too fast, resulting in weight loss, irritability, rapid pulse, and nervousness. Treatment is with medication or with surgery to remove part of the thyroid gland. |
Hypothyroidism | the thyroid gland does not produce enough hormones. Body functions are slowed, resulting in weight gain and sluggish behavior. May be caused by a lack of iodine in the diet (simple goiter). Treatment is by medication to provide hormone replacement. |
Diabetes Mellitus | occurs due to a lack of insulin. The pancreas may produce less insulin, or stop producing insulin all together. |
Cushing's Disease | occurs when there is an overproduction of hormones from the adrnal glands. |
Addison's Disease | develops when the adrenal glands do not make adequate amounts of hormones |