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Nursing-Skeleton
| How many bones in total | 206 |
| What’s the smallest bone in the body? | The stapes is a stirrup-shaped bone, and the smallest in the human body. |
| The patella is located in the: | knee |
| What’s in the center of a bone? | Bone marrow |
| Your bones will stop growing by the time you’re: | 25 |
| How many bones are in the spine? | 33 ** Cervical (neck) 7 labeled C1 to C7 ** Thoracic (mid-back) 12, labeled T1 to T12 ** Lumbar (lower back) 5 or 6 labeled L1 to L5 or L6 ** Sacrum (pelvis) â5 fused S1 through S5 ** Tailbone, known as the coccyx, containing 3 fused vertebrae |
| The rib cage protects | heart, lungs, liver |
| What is the function of the skeletal system? | support the body * give the body shape * work with muscles to move the body* stores calcium and phosphorus* Blood cell production* protection* |
| Longest bone | femur |
| Plantar Flexion | – Bending of the toes downwards and so arching the foot, |
| Inversion | – Turning the sole of the foot inwards, |
| Supination | – Turning the hand palm facing upwards, |
| Circumduction | – Containment of movements to moving within a circle, |
| Hyperextension | – Over extending the joint beyond its normal straight position, |
| Extension | – Increase in the angle of a joint, |
| Eversion | – Turning the sole of the foot outwards, |
| Flexion | – Decrease in the angle of a joint; a bending movement, |
| Adduction | – Towards the midline, |
| Pronation | – Turning the hand palm facing downwards, |
| Dorsiflextion | – Bending backwards of the fingers or toes ie upwards, |
| Abduction | – Away from the midline |
| Smooth Muscle | – Is usually found in the walls of the viscera and is involuntarily controlled, |
| Skeletal Muscle | – Is attached to the bone and is voluntarily controlled., |
| Cardiac Muscle | – Is only found in the heart where it helps to pump blood throughout the body. |
| Atrophy | – Muscle wasting away or decreasing in size due to underuse, |
| Hypertrophy | – Overused muscles increase in size, |
| Contracture | – Muscles that are immobilised for a prolonged period of time freezes the muscle and restricts the joint movement |
| What are the four classifications of bones in the skeletal system? | Flat bones – Bones of the cranium, Short bones – Bones of the wrist and ankle, Irregular bones – Bones of the vertebrae, Long Bones – Bones of the thigh, leg, arm and forearm |
| What are the differences between isometric contraction and isotonic contraction? | Isometric Contraction – Muscle contraction that doesn't cause movement, Isotonic contraction – Muscle contraction that causes movement |
| The shaft of a long bone is called the | Diaphysis |
| Osteoclasts | destroy bone matrix |
| Fat is stored in | yellow bone marrow |
| All of the following are bones of the thorax EXCEPT Select one: a. clavicle b. false ribs c. true ribs d. sternum | clavicle |
| The pectoral girdle or shoulder girdle consists of the | clavicle and scapula |
| The bone of the upper arm is the | Humerus |
| A sarcomere | a. has striations b. gets shorter when it contracts c. is a section of a myofibril |
| During muscular contraction | a. ATP supplies energy b. actin and myosin filaments slide past each other c. calcium ions (Ca++) are involved |
| At a neuromuscular junction | a neurotransmitter causes calcium to be released into the muscle cell and a nerve impulse causes the release of a neurotransmitter. |
| Which is NOT a function of muscles? | absorb nutrients |
| A skeletal muscle cell is | light and dark bands (striations) |
| The functional unit of a muscle fiber is the | Sarcomere |
| Muscle fatigue is due, in part, to the accumulation of | Lactic Acid |
| The skeleton is made up of 2 skeletal frameworks | The Axial Skeleton consists of the cranium, and the thoracic sections while the Appendicular which consists of all of the limbs of the human body. |
| Role of a Synovial membrane | The Synovial membrane lines the joint capsule and contains the synovial fluid. Synovial fluid lubricates the bones in the joint, therefore decreasing the friction within the joint. Synovial fluid has a thick consistancy similar to that of an egg white |
| What are Sinuses? | Air filled cavities located in several bones of the skull. 1. Lessen weight of the skull 2. Modulate sound of the voice |
Created by:
Abraham321
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