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What are the proper patient instructions for the PA projection of the chest?
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Chest Abdomen #1
Chest Abdomen Practice Questions #- class 3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the proper patient instructions for the PA projection of the chest? | Stop breathing after second deep inspiration |
| What is the primary function of the small intestine? | The main function of the small intestine is absorption of nutrients and minerals from food |
| When taking a PA projection of the chest, the recommended SID is ______ inches. | 72 |
| Which lung has three lobes? | right |
| What does the acronym “KUB” represent? | kidneys ureter bladder |
| Which of the following abdominal features are seen on “plain films” (noncontrast media studies) of the abdomen? 1. Outer contours of the kidneys 2. Psoas muscles 3. Pancreas | outer contours of the kidneys Psoas muscles |
| What is the name of the upper portion of the lung? | apex |
| What term refers to the body of the sternum? | Gladiolus |
| How many ribs should be visible above the diaphragm on a PA projection of the chest, as a demonstration of proper inspiration? | 10 |
| Which ribs are best demonstrated when the exposure is made after the patient has suspended respirations after inspiration? | 1 thru 10 or 1 thru 9 |
| Which ribs are best demonstrated when the exposure is made after the patient has suspended respirations after expiration? | Ribs 8 to 12 |
| Which portion of the ribs is best demonstrated on the AP projection? | Posterior portion |
| Which organ associated with the digestive system manufactures enzymes that are essential to sugar metabolism? | Pancreas |
| The essential factor for demonstration of air-fluid levels in radiography is: | the decubitus position |
| Which of the following are ways in which a chest examination differs from an examination of the ribs? 1. A 72-inch SID is used. 2. Higher kV is used. 3. Exposure is made on expiration. | 72-inch SID is used Higher kV is used |
| The uppermost portion of the sternum is called the: | the manubrium |
| Which of the following is true regarding persons with a hypersthenic body habitus? | organs are located higher and more horizontal |
| The rounded, upper portion of the stomach is the: | fundus |
| What is the name of the most distal part of the sternum? | xiphoid process |
| An AP upright projection of the abdomen is useful for the visualization of: | air fluid levels in intestines |
| Which of the following are functions of the pancreas? 1. Manufacture insulin 2. Secrete digestive enzymes 3. Produce bile | 1 &2 |
| The inferior lateral “corners” of the lungs, visible on a PA chest radiograph, are called the: | Costophrenic angles |
| Which of the following organs are found within the mediastinum?1. Lungs 2. Heart 3. Trachea | Heart and trachea |
| Routine positions for the left tenth posterior rib are: | supine and LPO. |
| The membrane that lines the abdominal cavity and surrounds the abdominal organs is called the: | peritoneum |
| Which of the following conditions is an inflammatory, occupational lung disease caused by inhaling irritating dust? | pneumonconiosis |
| The second portion of the small bowel is called the: | jejunum |
| Which of the following projections is best for demonstration of the apices of the lungs without bony superimposition? | Ap axial, lordotic position |
| How many lobes are in the left lung? | 2 |
| What are the proper patient instructions for the PA projection of the chest? | Stop breathing after second deep inspiration |
| If a patient is complaining of pain in the right, lower quadrant of the abdomen, what part of the anatomy might be the cause of pain? | appendix |
| Which of the following positions demonstrates air-fluid levels? 1. Upright 2. Lateral decubitus 3. Lateral | 1 and 2 only |
| What term is applied to the accumulation of free air in the abdominal cavity? | ascites |
| What is the proper placement of the arms for the upright, lateral projection of the chest? | arms raised over head and hands grasping opposite elbows |
| Which pairs of ribs are referred to as “true ribs”? | The upper seven pairs |
| The term “great vessels” refers to the: | The vessels that carry blood to and from the heart |
| What is the purpose of rotating the patient’s shoulders anteriorly for the PA projection of the chest? | to rotate scapulae out of the way |
| Which body habitus is characterized as massive and stocky in build? | Hyperthenic |
| Which of the following techniques is desirable for chest radiography? | High kVp, high mA, and short exposure time |
| What is the function of the gallbladder? | Store bile |
| What is the purpose of the 72-inch SID used for chest radiography? | Minimizes magnification of the heart shadow |
| Which body habitus is characterized as tall and slender? | asthenic |
| In chest radiography, which body habitus is best imaged by placing the 35 X 43 cm IR crosswise in the upright grid cabinet? | Hypersthenic |
| Which of the following positioning steps is used to rotate the scapula out of the lungs on a chest radiograph? | rolling the shoulders anteriorly |
| Where does the CR enter the patient for the AP projection of the abdomen with the patient in the supine position? | MSP (mid-sagittal plane) at the level of the iliac crests |
| What is the primary function of the small intestine? | Digestion and absorption |
| Where should the CR enter the patient on the upright, AP projection of the abdomen? | MSP (mid-sagittal plane) 2 in above the iliac crests |
| Where is the jugular notch located? | At the top of the manubrium |
| What part of the anatomy must be demonstrated on the upright, AP projection of the abdomen? | diaphram |
| Importance of using an upright position for chest radiography? 1. The upright position demonstrates air-fluid levels. 2. The upright position allows maximum lung expansion. 3. The upright position minimizes magnification of the heart. | demonstrates air-fluid levels; allows maximum lung expantion; minimizes magnification of the heart |
| Which of the following are true regarding persons with an asthenic body habitus? 1. Body build is tall and slender. 2. Organs are longer and narrower in shape. 3. Organs are located lower in the abdominal cavity. | Body build is tall and slender, Organs are longer and narrower in shape, organs are located lower in the abdominal cavity |
| When the abdomen is divided into nine parts, the upper middle portion is called the _____ region. | epigastric region |
| The xiphoid process is the ______ of the sternum. | Distal tip |
| What body habitus term is applied to the person of normal size? | Sthenic |
| What name is given to the first seven pairs of ribs? | True ribs |
| In which quadrant of the abdomen is the largest portion of the liver located? | Right upper |
| Routine positions for the right fifth anterior rib are: | LAO and prone |
| How many pairs of ribs are classified as “false ribs”? | the lower 5 pairs |
| Where does the CR enter the patient for the left lateral decubitus position of the abdomen? | Approximately 2 inches superior to level of iliac crest |
| When a patient is unable to stand for an upright projection of the abdomen, which of the following positions may be substituted? | Left lateral decubitus position of the abdomen |
| Where does the CR enter the patient for the upright, PA projection of the chest? | Midsagittal plane at the level of T7 |
| Lateral projections of the chest are taken with the left side against the IR because: | magnification of the cardiac silhouette is reduced with the left side nearer the IR. |
| The indention in the top of the manubrium is called the: | jugular notch. |
| How many lobes are in the right lung? | 3 |
| What structure separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity? | The diaphragm |
| Which of the following are portions of the large intestine? 1. Ileum 2. Cecum 3. Sigmoid | cecum and sigmoid |
| What term is applied to the accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity? | Ascites |
| Which of the following is located in the curve of the duodenum? | The head of the pancreas |
| What are the proper patient instructions for the AP projection of the abdomen with the patient in supine position? | Stop breathing on expiration |
| The number of floating ribs is _____ pairs. | 5 |
| Where is the gallbladder located? | On the undersurface of the liver |
| Which of the following make up the bony thorax? | 12 thoracic vertebrae, 12 pairs of ribs and the sternum (breastbone) |
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