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Ch2 med terms
Medical terminology a short course
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| abdomen | space below teh chest that contains the stomach, liver, intestines, gallbladder. |
| adominal cavity | space b/t the diaphragm and the pelvis |
| bronchial tubes | one of two tubes that carry air from the windpipe to the lungs. also called bronchus (plural - bronchi) |
| bronchoscopy | visual examination of bronchial tubes by passing an endoscope through the trachea into the bronchi |
| cartilage | flexible, fibrous connective tissue, found as part of the nose, ears, voice box, and windpipe and chiefly attached to bones at joints |
| cervical | pertaining to the neck of the body or the neck of the uterus |
| circulatory system | organs (heart and blood vessels) that carry blood throughout the body. |
| coccygeal | pertaining to the tailbone |
| coccyx | tailbone |
| cranial cavity | space surrounded by the skull and containing the brain and other organs |
| cranotomy | incision of the skull |
| diaphram | muscle that separates the chest from the abdomen |
| digestive system | organs that bring food into the body and break it down to enter the bloodstream or eliminate it through the rectum and anus. |
| disk (disc) | pad of cartilage that is between each backbone |
| endocrine system | endocrine glands. example are pituitary, thyroid, and adrenal glands and the pancreas |
| epithelial | pertaining to skin cells. this term originally described cell upon (epi) the break nipple (theli). now it indicates cell lining the inner part of internal organs and the outside of the body |
| esophageal | pertaining to the esophagus |
| esophagus | tube leading from the throat to the stomach |
| female reproductive system | organs (ovaries) that produce and transport (through fallopian tubes) egg cells and secrete female hormones (estrogen and progesterone). |
| hepatitis | inflammation of the liver |
| hypochondriac | pertaining to lateral regions of the upper abdomen beneath the lower ribs. also, the term describes a person who has chronic concern about his or her health and body functions |
| laparoscopy | visual examination of the abdomen (using an endoscope) |
| laparotomy | incision into the abdomen |
| laryngeal | pertaining to the larynx |
| laryngectomy | removal of the larynx (voice box) |
| larynx | voice box |
| lateral | pertaining to the side |
| lumbar | pertaining to the loins; part of the back and sides b/t the chest and the hip |
| lymphocyte | white blood cell that is found within lymph and lymph nodes. t and b cells are examples |
| mediastinal | pertaining to the mediastinum |
| mediastinum | space b/t the lungs in the chest. it contains the heart, large blood vessels, trachea, esophagus, thymus gland and lymph nodes |
| musculoskeletal system | organs that support the body and allow it to move, including the muscles, bones, joints, and connective tissues |
| nervous system | organs (brain, spinal cord, and nerves) that transmit electrical messages throughout the body |
| ovary | produces egg cells and female hormones |
| pelvic cavity | space contained within the hip bones (front and sides) and the lower part of the backbone (sacrum and coccyx) |
| pelvis | lower part of the trunk of the body including the hip bone, tailbone, and sacrum (lower backbones) |
| peritoneum | membrane that surrounds the abdomen and holds the abdominal organs in place |
| pharyngeal | pertaining to the pharynx (throat) |
| pharynx | organ behind the mouth that receives swallowed food and delivers it into the esophagus. the pharynx also receives air from the nose and passes it to the trachea (windpipe) |
| pituitary gland | organ at the base of the brain that secretes hormones. these hormones enter the blood to regulate other organs and other endocrine glands |
| pleura | double membrane that surrounds the lungs. |
| pleuritis | inflammation of the pleura |
| posterior | located in the back portion of a structure or of the body |
| respiratory system | organs that control breathing, allowing air to enter and leave the body |
| sacral | pertaining to the sacrum |
| sacrum | triangular bone in the lower back, below the lumbar bones and formed by five fused bones. |
| spinal cavity | space in the back that contains the spinal cord and is surrounded by the backbones |
| spinal cord | bundle of nerves that extends from teh brain down the back. |
| thoracic cavity | space above the abdomen that contains the heart, lungs, and other organs; the chest cavity |
| thoracotomy | incision into the chest |
| trachea | tube that carries air from the throat to the bronchial tubes; the windpipe |
| tracheotomy | incision into the trachea |
| ureter | one of two tubes that lead from the kidney (one on each kidney) to the urinary bladder |
| urinary system | organs that produce and send urine out of the body. these organs include: bladder, kidneys, ureters and urethra |
| uterus | muscular organ in a female that holds and provides nourishment for the developing fetus; aka: womb |
| vertebra | a backbone (pleural : vertebrae) |
| vertebrae | backbones |
| vertebral | pertaining to the backbone |
| abdomin/o | adomen |
| anter/o | front |
| bronch/o | bronchial tubes (leading from the windpipe to the lungs) |
| cervic/o | neck of the body or neck (cervix) of the uterus |
| chondr/o | cartilage |
| coccyg/o | coccyx, tailbone |
| crani/o | skull |
| epitheli/o | skin, surface tissue |
| esophag/o | esophagus (tube from the throat to the stomach) |
| hepat/o | liver |
| lapar/o | abdomen |
| laryng/o | larynx (voice box) |
| later/o | side |
| lumb/o | loin (waist) |
| lymph/o | lymph (clear fluid in tissue spaces and lymph vessels) |
| mediastin/o | mediastinum (space b/t the lungs) |
| pelv/o | pelvis (bones of the hip) |
| peritone/o | peritoneum (membrane surrounding the abdomen) |
| pharyng/o | pharynx (throat) |
| pleur/o | pleura |
| poster/o | back, behind |
| sacr/o | sacrum (five fused bones in the lower back) |
| spin/o | spine (backbone) |
| thorac/o | chest |
| trache/o | trachea (windpipe) |
| vertebr/o | vertebra |
| -ac | pertaining to |
| -al | pertaining to |
| -ar | pertaining to |
| -cyte | cell |
| -eal | pertaining to |
| -ectomy | cutting out; removal, excision |
| -ic | pertaining to |
| -itis | inflammation |
| -logy | study of |
| -oma | tumor, mass |
| -scopy | process of visual examination |
| -tomy | process of cutting into; incision |
| Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) | another technique for producing images of the body that uses magnetic waves. |
| frontal (coronal) plane | an up and down plane that divides into front and back portions |
| sagittal (lateral) plane | divides into right and left halves. |
| midsagital plane | divides body vertically into right and left halves (halves are equal) |
| transverse (axial) plane | a horizontal plane that divides into upper and lower portions as in a cross-section |
Created by:
banny01
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