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Respiration

general - gym instructor

QA
Respiratory System (consists of) nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs
trachea proper name for windpipe
bronchi divisions of the trachea going to left and right lung and further dividing into bronchioles
alveoli tiny air sacs at the end of the bronchioles, thin walls one cell thick surrounded by capillaries
gaseous exchange oxygen (in) and carbon dioxide (out) passing through capillaries and alveoli
respiration (purpose of) to supply oxygen and remove carbon dioxide - pulmonary respiration
respiratory muscles internal intercostals, pectoralis minor, abdominals, scalenes, sternocleidomastoid
respiratory centre located in brain, sends nerve impulses to control breathing rate. main factor affecting breathing rate CO2 level in blood and resiratory centre
breathing control mainly involuntary, but can be conciously controlled during activities when required (eg swimming)
tidal volume 500ml - volume of air breathed in/out
dead space 150ml air reamining in nose throat and trachea
minute ventilation 6000-7500ml volume of air inspired/expired in 1 minute (tidal volume x breaths taken)
inspiratory reserve volume 3300ml additonal amount of air breathed in through forced inspiration
inspiratory capacity 3800ml tidal volume+inspiratory reserve
expiratory reserve volume 1200ml additional amount of air that can be forcibly expired
residual volume 1200ml volume remaining after maximum expiration
expiratory capacity 1700 ml tidal volume plus expiratory reserve
functional residual volume 2400ml air in lungs at resting expiratory level. expiratory reserve plus residual volume
vital capacity 4800ml maximum amount of air forcibly exhaled after maximum inspiration
total lung capacity 6000ml vital capacity + residual volume
Created by: sidneybetty
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