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Genetics Vocabulary
BOI it's just science OK
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Heredity | the genes and the genetic traits whose expression they control that are passed on from one's parents |
| asexual | occurring or formed without the production and union of two kinds of gametes <asexual reproduction |
| reproduction | the act or process of reproducing; especially : the process by which plants and animals produce offspring |
| gene | a part of DNA or sometimes RNA that is usually located on a chromosome and that contains chemical information needed to make a particular protein (as an enzyme) controlling or influencing an inherited bodily trait or activity (as eye color, height, or met |
| DNA | any of various nucleic acids that are located especially in cell nuclei, are usually the chemical basis of heredity, and are composed of two nucleotide chains held together by hydrogen bonds in a pattern resembling a flexible twisted ladde |
| chromosomes | any of the rod-shaped or threadlike DNA-containing structures of cellular organisms that are located in the nucleus of eukaryotes, are usually ring-shaped in prokaryotes (such as bacteria), and contain all or most of the genes of the organism; also : the |
| dominant trait | the trait observed in the first generation when parents that have different traits are bred |
| ressive trait | a trait that is apparent only when two recessive alleles for the same charasteristic are inherited |
| alleles | one of several forms of a gene that determine alternate forms of one or more genetic traits and occupy identical places on two chromosomes having the same genes arranged in the same order |
| genotype | the whole set of genes of an individual or group |
| phenotype | the visible characteristics of a plant or animal that result from the combined effects of the genes and the environment |
| meiosis | the process by which the number of chromosomes in a cell that produces sex cells is reduced to one half and that involves a reduction division in which one of each pair of homologous chromosomes passes to each daughter cell followed by a mitotic division |
| mitosis | a process that takes place in the nucleus of a dividing cell and that results in the formation of two new nuclei with the same number of chromosomes as the parent nucleus |
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NikoMyers
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