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med knowledge 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| hydrochlorothiazide/ Microzide | thiazide-effects: increase Ca2+, cholesterol, uric acid (hyperuricemia); decrease K+, Na+, mag, phosphate, hypovolemia; SJS , *hypokalemia*; glaucoma, myopia; hyperglycemia, typical diuretic --lethargy, weak, drowsiness, dizziness, hypotension, cramping; |
| Microzide action: | inhibits Na+ reabsorption in distal tubule (excrete Na+ & water). excretion of chloride, K+, magnesium, bicarbonate |
| hydrochlorothiazide | Microzide, Oretic |
| hydrochlorothiazide indications: | HTN, edema associated w/ HF, renal dysfunction, cirrhosis, glucocorticoids, estrogen therapy |
| hydrochlorothiazide/Microzide (Oretic) contraindications: | hypersensitivity (cross sensitivity w/ thiazides or sulfonamides); some products contain tartrazine; Anuria; lactation |
| furosemide | Lasix |
| furosemide/Lasix | diuretic (loop) |
| furosemide/Lasix indications: | edema due to HF, hepatic, or renal disease; HTN |
| furosemide action: | increase renal excretion of water, Na, Cl, magnesium, K+, Ca2+; effective in impaired renal fx; inhibits reabsorption of Na & Cl from loop of Henele & distal tubule |
| Lasix therapeutic effect: | diuresis; decrease BP |
| furosemide/Lasix; diuretic contraindications: | sensitivity to thiazides & sulfonamides may occur; hepatic coma or anuria; some products contain alcohol |
| furosemide/Lasix: diuretic adverse reactions: | *dehydration, hypocalcemia, hypochloremia, hypokalemia, hypomgnesemia, hyponatremia, hypovolemia, met alkalosis*; APLASTIC ANEMIA, AGRANULOCYTOSIS, SJS, TOXIC EPIDERMAL NECROLYSIS, ERTHYEMA MULTIFORME; fever, blurred vision, hearing loss, tinnitus, |
| bumetanide/Bumex | loop diuretic |
| bumetanide side effects | SJS, toxic epidermal necrolysis; dehydration, hypochloremia, hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, hyponatremia, hypovolemia, metabolic acidosis |
| mannitol | Osmitrol |
| mannitol/Osmitrol side effects | CV: transient volume expansion mannitol draws fluid from extravascular space into vascular. causes transient volume expansion & may cause pulmonary edema if renal is compromised. If renal status good, extra fluid is excreted |
| mannitol/Osmitrol therapeutic effect | mobilizes excess fluid in oliguria renal failure or edema. ↓ intraocular or intracranial pressures. ↑ urinary excretion of toxic materials. ↓ hemolysis when used as irrigant after transuretheral prostatic resection |
| spironolactone | Aldactone |
| mannitol/Osmitrol | diuretic (osmotic) |
| spironolactone/ Aldactone | diuretic- K+ sparing |
| spironolactone/ Aldactone side effects | SJS, toxic epidermal necrolysis; hyperkalemia; breast tenderness, gynecomastia, irregular menses, deepening of voice |
| oxybutnynin | Ditropan |
| oxybutynin/Detrol | urinary tract antispasmodic (anticholinergic) |
| oxybutynin side effects | urinary retention; anaphylaxis, angioedema; chest pain, tachycardia; cant see, cant pee, cant spit, cant shit; teach: ↓ ability to perspire; notify if urinary retention, persistant constipation, or plans for pregnancy; t |
| tolterodine | Detrol |
| tolterodine/ Detrol | urinary tract antispasmodic (anticholinergic) |
| tolterodine side effects | headache, dizziness, dry mouth, SJS; anaphylaxis, angioedema, blurred vision, dyspepsia |
| bethnechol | Urecholine |
| bethanechol/Urecholine | urinary tract stimulant (cholinergic |
| bethanechol/Urecholine indications | neurogenic bladder retention; nonobstructive bladder retention |
| bethanechol/Urecholine side effects | heart block, syncope/cardiac arrest, bradycardia, abdominal discomfort, diarrhea, nausea, salivation, vomiting. GU: urgency; MISC: flushing, sweating, hypothermia |
| phenazopyridine | Pyridium |
| phenazopyridine/ Pyridium | nonopioid analgesic |
| phenazopyridine side effects | hepatotoxicity; bright-orange urine; renal failure; rash, hemolytic anemia, methemoglobinemia |
| trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole | Bactrim |
| timethoprim-sulfamethoxazole | anti infective; anti protozoal |
| bactrim indications: | bronchitis, Shigella, ottitis media, pneumocystiis jirovecii pneumonia, UTI, traveler's diarrhea |
| trimethopriim-sulfamethoxazole side effects | C. difficile, hepatic necrosis, nausea, vomiting, erythema multiforme, SJS/ TEN, rash, agranulocytosis, aplastic anemia, phlebitis at IV site; kericterus in neonate; cholesttic jaundice, pancreatitis |
| epoetin | Epogen (Procrit) |
| epoetin/ Epogen (Procrit) | antianemics; hormone |
| epoetin indications | anemia r/t CKD; anemia secondary to AZT therapy (HIV) |
| epoetin/ Epogen side effects | seizures, h/a, HF, MI, stroke, thromboembolic events (esp if Hgb >11); restored fertility & menses; ↑mortality & ↑ tumor growth (in cancer) |
| postassium chloride | K-Dur |
| potassium chloride/K-Dur indications | prevent or treat K+ deficiency |
| potassium chloride side effects | confusion, restlessness, weakness, arrhythmias, ECG changes, abd probs—diarrhea etc; paralysis, paresthesia |
Created by:
vmcfarla
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