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The Executive Office of the President (EOP) is also referred to as what?
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What is the core of the Executive Office of the President (EOP)?
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Chapter 7 Section 4
Presidential Advisors and Executive Agencies
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The Executive Office of the President (EOP) is also referred to as what? | The president's administration. |
| What is the core of the Executive Office of the President (EOP)? | The White House Office |
| Name three important positions in the White House Office. | 1. Chief of Staff 2. Deputy Chief of Staff 3. Press Secretary |
| What does the Office of Management and Budget (OMB)do? | Prepares the federal budget Monitors & oversees the spending of government agencies. |
| What is the clearest statement of the administration's plans and goals for the coming year? | The federal budget |
| What does the National Security Council (NSC) do? | Helps the president direct the military and foreign policy |
| What positions make up the National Security Council? | 1. Vice President 2. Secretary of State 3. Secretary of Defense 4. Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff |
| What positions make up the Joint Chiefs of Staff? | The top commanders from each of the armed services. |
| Who supervises the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)? | The National Security Council |
| What is the purpose of the Office of Administration? | 1.Provides administrative services to the executive offices of the president. 2. Responds to individuals seeking records under the Freedom of Information Act. |
| What does the Council of Economic Advisers do? | Helps the president carry out his role as economic leader. |
| What is the Council of Economic Advisers' primary duty? | Advising the president on economic matters such as employment, inflation and foreign trade. |
| Name five organizations of the Executive Branch of government | 1. The Executive Office 2. Office of Management and Budget (OMB) 3. National Security Council (NCS) 4. Office of Administration 5. Council of Economic Advisors (CEA) |
| What is the cabinet? | A group of presidential advisers, which includes the heads of the 15 top-level executive departments |
| The title of "Secretary" is given to the head of every Executive Department head, except for one. What is the exception? | The head of the Department of Justice is called the Attorney General. |
| In addition to the Executive Department heads, who else can join the president's cabinet? | The president may ask the vice president and other top officials to join his cabinet. |
| In 2002, the Homeland Security Act created the Department of Homeland Security. What is the purpose of the Department of Homeland Security? | To improve the nation's defenses against terrorism and to coordinate counter-terrorism intelligence. |
| What part of the Constitution addresses the formation of the president's cabinet? | The Constitution does not mention the cabinet at all! |
| How often does the cabinet meet? | As often as the president determines is necessary. |
| True or False: Department heads of the cabinet must be approved by the Senate. | True |
| What duties does the Constitution assign to the First Lady? | The Constitution does not mention the spouse of the president at all! |
| What are the people who work in the federal bureaucracy called? | Bureaucrats or civil servants |
| Congress writes and enacts new laws, what do the federal agencies then do? | Federal agencies develop specific rules and procedures to put the laws into practice. |
| Name three examples of things that federal agencies do in administering the day-to-day operations of the federal government. | 1. Deliver the mail (U.S. Postal Service) 2. Collect taxes (Internal Revenue Service) 3. Send out Social Security Checks (Social Security Administration) |
| There are hundreds of independent agencies in the executive branch of government. Why are these agencies call "independent?" | Because they are not part of the cabinet. |
| Name the three types of independent agencies | 1. Executive agencies 2. Government corporations 3. Regulatory commissions |
| What is an executive agency? | An independent agency responsible for a specialized area within the government. Ex. NASA |
| What is a government corporation? | It's like a private business, but the government owns and operates its. |
| Who chooses the board of directors and the general manager of a government corporation? | The president - but the Senate must approve the selections. |
| What is the maximum profit a government corporation can make? | Government corporations are not supposed to make a profit. |
| Name one example of a government corporations | U.S. Postal Service |
| What is the purpose of a Regulatory Board or Regulatory Commission? | 1. They are supposed to protect the public. 2. They make and enforce rules for certain industries and groups |
| Who appoints the members of a Regulatory Board or Commission? | The president |
| Can the president fire someone from a Regulatory Board or Commission? | No. Only Congress can do that |
| Name some examples of a Regulatory Board or Regulatory Commission | 1. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) 2. Federal Communications Commission (FCC) 3. Federal Trade Commission (FTC) |
| What is a political appointee? | A person chosen by the president for a job based on their executive ability, or because they were an important supporter of the president's election campaign. |
| Is a political appointee a permanent employee? | No. Political appointees generally leave their jobs when the president leaves office. |
| What is the civil service system? | The practice of hiring government workers based on open, competitive examinations and merit. |
| "To the victor belongs the spoils." What was the "spoils system?" | Before 1883, many federal jobs went to people as a reward for their political support. Each new president would get rid of the old federal workers and replace them with his own political supporters and friends. |
| What did the assassination of President James Garfield have to do with the spoils system? | President Garfield was assassinated in 1881 by a man who was refused a job under the spoils system. |
| The assassination of President Garfield influenced Congress to pass what act? | The Pendleton Act of 1883 - also called the Civil Service Reform Act. |
| What did the Pendleton Act (Civil Service Reform Act) do? | 1. Created the civil service system 2. Set limits on the number of jobs a new president could hand out to friends and backers. |
| Who is in charge of the civil service system today? | The Office of Personnel Management |
| What does it mean that the civil service system is a merit system? | Employees are hired based on their demonstrated ability to do a job. |
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