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AMSCO Ch. 23
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Who were the candidates for the election of 1920? | Cox (Democrat) and Harding (Republican) |
| Harding's slogan? | "Return to normalcy" |
| Attitude towards business/gov. according to Republicans in power? | Didn't preach leadership, but accepted the idea of limited gov. |
| Harding's Secretary of State | Hughes |
| Harding's Secretary of Commerce | Hoover |
| Harding's Secretary of Treasury | Mellon |
| Harding's Supreme Court Justice | Taft |
| 3 Laws Harding signed | Reduction in income tax, increased tariff rates under the Tariff Act of 1922, and established the Bureau of the Budget |
| Who was the socialist presidential candidate Harding pardoned? | Debs |
| Teapot Dome Scandal | 1924, Congress discovered that Fall accepted bribes for granting oil leases |
| Why was Harding not implicated in the Teapot Dome Scandal? | He died a year before they were discovered |
| How did Coolidge become popular? | 1919, governor of MA, broke Boston police strike |
| Presidency of Coolidge | "Silent Cal", if you don't say anything, you won't be asked to repeat it, if people are thrown out of work, unemployment results |
| What was interesting about the election of 1924? | Liberals formed new Progressive party led by La Follette |
| Why did Southerners vote for Hoover in 1928? | The dislike for Smith's religion outweighed the voters' allegiance to the Democratic party |
| What was the economy like in the 1920s? | Began with post-war recession, but ended with economic disaster |
| Describe the three phases of the 1920s? | Post-war recession, business prosperity, and economic disaster (stock market crash) |
| What improvements in the home were becoming common? | Indoor plumbing, central heating, electricity |
| What group did not share in the booming economy of the 1920s? | Farmers |
| Ford's contribution to increased productivity that spread to major industries | Perfected a system for manufacturing automobiles with assembly lines |
| What were two new energy technologies? | Oil and electricity |
| How did the government show it favored big business in the 1920s? | Offered tax cuts and doing almost nothing to enforce the antitrust laws of the Progressive era |
| The three reasons businesses prospered in the 1920s | Gov. offered big businesses by offering corporate tax cuts, gov. did almost nothing to enforce antitrust laws, Fed. Reserve helped through low interest rates/relaxed regulation of banks and tightening the money supply |
| How did consumer economy develop with new appliances? | Electricity in millions of homes causing people to buy new appliances |
| How did consumer economy develop with advertising? | Businesses found that consumers' demand for new products could be manipulated by appealing to their desires for status and popularity |
| How did consumer economy develop with shopping stores? | Increased sales of new appliances and automobiles by allowing customers to buy on credit |
| How did consumer economy develop with chain stores? | Greater variety of products were displayed and priced lower than local stores |
| Five effects of the automobile? | Sold millions causing horse-and-buggy to be uncommon, replaced railroad as key promoter of economic growth, industries depended on automobiles sales, everything Americans did, injuries/deaths on roads |
| What ended the prosperity farmers experienced in 1916-1918? | The war ending |
| What issues did farmers face? | They were in debt |
| What was the response to labor unions during this time? | Membership in unions declined 20% |
| Welfare capitalism | Voluntarily offering employees improved benefits and higher wages in order to reduce their interest in organizing unions |
| What percentage of the American population lived in urban areas by 1920? | More than 50% |
| What did moralists blame for the breakdown of morals in America? | Automobiles, music, dances, movies and fashions |
| Describe the Jazz Age and what became popular? | Jazz was brought by African American musicians, it became a symbol of the "new" and "modern" culture of the cities. Radios and phonographs made it more available to a large public |
| What were the two new mediums of entertainment? | Radio and movies |
| Who are three sport "heroes"? | Dempsey (boxer), Jones (golfer), Ruth (baseball) |
| How did Lindbergh become the most popular hero of the 1920s? | He flew nonstop from Long Island to Paris |
| What was surprising about the way women voted in 1920? | They adopted the party preferences of their fathers/husbands |
| What was characteristic for women who entered the workforce? | Lived in the city, limited to certain categories of jobs, and received lower wages than men |
| How did the understanding of moral values change? | People revolted against sexual taboos, the role of sexual repression in mental illness, took to premarital sex, contraceptives for birth control became more accepting |
| "Flapper" look | Influenced by movie actresses and people's desires for independence, women wore dressed hemmed at the knee, "bobbing" their hair, smoking cigs, and drove cars |
| Why did one in six marriages end in divorce? | Liberalized divorce laws |
| How did education change in America? | State govs. enacted school laws, universal hs education became the American goal |
| What were the two themes of literature? | Scorning religion as hypocritical and condemning the sacrifices of wartime as a fraud perpetrated by money interests |
| How did Stein refer to authors of this age? | A "lost generation" |
Created by:
archergirl
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