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AST Cert Exam #6
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Which clip is used for scalp hemostasis in cranial procedures? | Raney |
| The local freezing of diseased tissue to facilitate removal without bleeding is: | cryosurgery |
| In severe aortic stenosis, all of the following are indications of valve replacement except: myocardial ischemia; left ventricle hypertrophy; palpitations; angina | palpitations |
| In the event that a child requires emergency surgery, but the parents cannot be located to sign the surgical consent: | consent is signed by two consulting physicians |
| EtO sterilizations destroys microbes by the process of: | alkylation - interferes with protein metabolism |
| What is the most common cause of aortic aneurysm? | artherosclerosis |
| What is used to determine the position of cannulated screws during repair of a femoral neck fracture? | guide pins |
| Prior to being placed in the EtO sterilizer, items must: | be completely dry |
| During general anesthesia induction, which sense is the last to be experienced by the patient? | hearing |
| The purpose of creating an AV fistula is for: | hemodialysis |
| What nerve is at greatest risk during a thyroidectomy? | recurrent laryngeal |
| Which nerve could be compressed against the humerus in the prone position? | radial |
| What is the surgical procedure for reducing testosterone in prostate cancer? | orchiectomy |
| If the broth in the steam sterilization biological indicator is yellow after incubation, what action should be taken? | items must be immediately recalled |
| A specimen that is 5 cm is equal to: | 2 inches |
| Which vessel arises from the right ventricle of the heart? | pulmonary artery |
| Which area is prepped first when performing the skin prep for a skin grafting procedure? | donor site |
| Which has legal significance in the mishandling of a bullet? | damaging ballistic markings |
| Which procedure requires preoperative high-level disinfection of the endoscope? | bronchoscopy |
| What maintains the position of the uterus? | broad ligament |
| What device would the surgeon use to preserve facial motor and sensory functions during a parotidectomy? | nerve stimulator |
| If the surgeon uses a knife blade to incise the oral mucosa, the preferred blade is: | #12 |
| The gravity steam sterilization process can be rendered ineffective if the: | temperate is below 250 deg. F |
| A suture used to retract a structure to the side of the operative field is a: | traction suture |
| What must the circulating surgical technologist do when placing the patient in the supine position? | confirm ankles are not crossed |
| What body system aids in the metastatic spread of cancer cells? | lymphatic |
| Which is inserted into the tympanic membrane incision during a myringotomy? | PE tube - pressure equalization |
| Which organelle contains digestive juices? | lysosome |
| During a thyroidectomy, if all parathyroid glands are accidentally removed, what complication will occur? | tetany |
| Which surgical instrument is used to retract the lung? | Allison - atraumatic/lung |
| Which instrument would be used to remove nasal polyps? | Krause nasal snare |
| What anatomical structure is Mersilene tape sutured around during a cerclage? | cervix |
| What does the suffix -ectomy mean? | excision |
| What would the pre-op Dx be for an infant undergoing craniectomy? | craniosynostosis |
| Where is the anterior chamber of the eye located? | posterior to the cornea and anterior to the iris |
| What would contraindicate pre-op setting up of the cell saver machine? | patient has cancer |
| Which medication is contraindicated for patients with a history of malignant hyperthermia? | succinylcholine |
| Which is an incision into the tympanic membrane for the removal of accumulated fluid? | myringotomy |
| What is not a requirement when a patient is placed in the prone position? | safety belt is placed below the knees |
| A tissue specimen being sent to pathology for a frozen section is prepared by placing it into a: | container without preservative |
| The body's first line of defense against infection is: | intact skin |
| What stapling device would be used to create an anastomosis during a low anterior resection? | EEA |
| Packing material would be placed as a dressing after surgery on the: | rectum |
| What is the lining of the thoracic cavity? | pleura |
| What is the proper method for removing the knife blade from the handle when breaking down the Mayo stand? | use a heavy hemostat or needle holder |
| What route of drug administration is parenteral? | intravenous |
| The vascular, fibrous covering of bone is the: | periosteum |
| What type of dressing would usually be used for a laparotomy procedure? | pressure |
| To prevent DVT in the bariatric patient, what pre-op drug is given? | heparin |
| Which space is entered during a thymectomy? | mediastinum - between sternum and aorta |
| Femoral rasps are used for what reason? | file the cortical bone |
| Which is part of the immune system? | spleen |
| What incision is frequently used for pediatric aortic coarctation repair? | posterolateral thoracotomy |
| Type and cross-match for blood is completed: | if blood loss with replacement is anticipated |
| The purpose of the kidney elevator is to: | increase the space between the lower rib and iliac crest |
| When storing information on the hard drive of a computer, what is clicked? | save |
| Which is the proper method for handling disposable suction containers when turning over an OR? | wipe down outside of container and place in biohazard bag for disposal |
| Which can cause lumbosacral strain in the lithotomy position? | buttocks extend past table break |
| A midline xiphoid to pubis incision is commonly made for an: | abdominal aortic aneurysmectomy |
| Which item should the CST confirm is available for a nerve repair? | Loupes |
| How often should biological testing of EtO sterilization be conducted? | every load |
| What is a liquid chemical sterilant often used for sterilizing endoscopes with a cycle time of 30 minutes? | peracetic acid |
| When should the first closing sponge, sharp and instrument count be completed? | prior to closure of body cavity |
| Which skin prep is contraindicated for use around eyes and ears because of potential for corneal abrasions and ototoxicity? | chlorhexidine |
| A short-acting narcotic opioid given IM for pre-op sedation is: | meperidine |
| The leg extensor muscles: rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis and vastus intermedius are collectively called the: | quadriceps femoris |
| What is not a retractor used during a prostatectomy? | Harrington |
| What does the term -scopy mean? | viewing |
| How many minutes should a Frazier suction tip be immediate-use sterilized in a gravity steam sterilizer? | 10 minutes |
| Which pre-op procedures should be completed for the diabetic patient? | antiembolic stockings placed on patient |
| Induced hypothermia is typically associated with which surgical specialty? | cardiothoracic |
| What block involves medication being injected into the subarachnoid space? | spinal |
| Which conditions may require use of a Silastic urethral catheter? | latex allergy |
| A patient receives pre-op instructions to remove nail polish to: | prevent pulse oximeter malfunction |
| How often should the steam sterilizing machine's strainer be cleaned? | daily |
| What is the smallest microorganism that requires a host cell for replication? | virus |
| Which surgeon might provide the operative exposure for the neurosurgeon in a transsphenoidal approach to the sella turcica? | otohinolaryngologist - ENT |
| An intraoperative mutagenic and carcinogenic hazard of laser use is: | laser plume |
| What type of solution is recommended for cleaning the OR floors during room turnover? | detergent-disinfection |
| Which is used to remove resected prostatic tissue during a TURP? | Ellik |
| A patient is instructed to be NPO for 8 hours prior to surgery to prevent: | aspiration - vomiting |
| The essential element of hemoglobin is: | iron |
| A large, bony process found on the femur is a: | trochanter |
| Which incision would be performed for repair of a liver laceration? | midline |
| Just before the surgeon makes the skin incision, what must be performed? | time-out |
| A pulse rate of pregnant patients: | increases |
| Which portion of the stomach is superior to the esophageal sphincter? | fundus |
| A linen pack to be steam sterilized must not weigh more than: | 12 lbs |
| The closing sponge count should be initiated at the: | operative field |
| During what procedure is it imperative that the CST maintain the sterility of the backtable and Mayo stand until the patient is transported out of the OR? | tonsillectomy |
| Which statement concerning peel-packs is correct? | when labeling with felt-tip marker write on the plastic side |
| What two structures are identified and ligated during a cholecystectomy? | cystic artery and cystic duct |
| What is the primary responsibility of the first scrub CST during a cardiac arrest in the OR? | protect the sterile field |
| What does pneumonectomy mean? | removal of a lung |
| How many hours must the steam biological indicator be incubated before recording the results? | 24 hours |
| Which is responsible for causing transmission of spongiform encephalopathy? | prion |
| The thyroid gland consists of right and left lobes joined by the: | isthmus |
| A sustained contraction produced by rapid stimuli is called: | tetany |
| What type of heart rate does tachycardia describe? | fast |
| Which would be the least likely complication of suprapubic prostatectomy? | acute phlebitis |
| When is the surgical consent typically signed? | before pre-op medications are administered |
| Which is the order for post-op case management? | remove drapes; preserve sterile field until patient leaves OR; remove gown and gloves; don non-sterile gloves to break down backtable |
| What type of needle is used when suturing the skin? | reverse cutting - flat edge |
| Which ultrasonic device can be used intraoperatively to assess the patency of arterial blood flow? | Doppler probe |
| The area of the brain that controls respiration is the: | medulla oblongata |
| Which factors is used to determine the inflation pressure of a tourniquet? | patient's age |
| Which describes the time from incision to the dressing application? | intraoperative |
| At the end of a procedure, and after the patient has been transported out of the OR, the CST should remove the: | gown |
| What is considered the operative stage of anesthesia? | third |
| When performing the surgical scrub, the hands and arms are considered: | surgically clean |
| Which is an obstetric complication resulting from overstimulation of the clotting process? | disseminated intravascular coagulation |
| What does the term "symbiosis" mean? | relationship between unlike species of organisms |
| Which statement is true concerning cleaning OR walls between procedures? | clean areas of wall splashed with blood or debris |
| Which anatomical structure is removed during a total hip arthroplasty? | femoral head |
| What controls the arrow on your monitor? | mouse |
| Wound dressings should be opened: | after last count is completed |
| A stent may be placed to identify the ureter during what procedure? | right colectomy |
| A rapid-onset muscle relaxant used for intubation is: | Anectine - succinylcholine |
| A general consent form authorizes: | routine medical treatment |
| Which must be completed pre-op if a patient underwent a barium study the day of surgery? | enema |
| Which suture is contraindicated in the presence of infection? | silk |
| When the CST is breaking down the backtable, instruments with ratchets should be: | placed in a basin with enzymatic solution in open position for transport to decontamination |
| The cup-like extensions of the renal pelvis that collect urine from the pyramids are: | calyces |
| What is a type of one-layer dressing? | steri-strips |
| Braided nonabsorbable sutures should not be used in infected wounds because suture crevices: | can harbor bacteria that travel length of suture |
| What post-op complication can result from excess or prolonged plantar flexion? | foot drop |
| What immediate post-op complication most often occurs with pediatric patients? | airway difficulty |
| Another name for corneal transplant procedure is: | keratoplasty |
| Fertilization normally occurs in the: | fallopian tube |
| The inner layer of an artery is the: | intima |
| Which laser can be used on light and dark tissues? | CO2 - water; no effect on color |
| What implant is used for individuals with sensorineural deafness? | cochlear implant |
| Splenectomy places the patient at an increased risk for: | infection |
| In the presence of infection, the absorption rate of surgical gut is: | increased |
| Dark blood in the sterile field could indicate? | hypoxia |
| Which instrument will the surgeon use to free the entrapped orbital fat during repair of an orbital floor fracture? | Freer |
| A urinary tract infection, following a cystoscopy, is an example of what type of infection? | Healthcare-associated infection |
| Which is a type of meniscal tear? | bucket handle |
| Which surgical procedure may require a suprapubic catheter to drain the urinary bladder? | prostatectomy |
| Which microorganism is least likely to be associated with wound infections? | Treponema pallidum - syphilis |
| Liquid agents used to reduce microorganisms on the patient's skin are: | antiseptics |
| Which closed wound drainage device requires being connected to a bulb evacuator? | Jackson-Pratt |
| What term refers to items remaining sterile indefinitely until the wrapping is compromised? | event-related sterility |
| Which vein would be harvested during a CABG? | saphenous |
| When incubated, the EtO biological indicator can be read after: | 24 hours |
| The structure that facilitates the exchange of nutrients and wastes between the fetus and mother is the: | placenta |
| When helping to turn over an OR between patients, the CST should: | use a clean mop head |
| Vitrectomy is the removal of the: | gel from the eye |
| When using EtO sterilization, the recommended aeration time for an aerator set at 140 deg. F is: | 8 hours |
| Where should the biological indicator test be placed on the steam sterilizer cart? | bottom, front - coldest part |
| Which vessel empties into the right atrium? | SVC |
| Knife blades should be loaded onto the handle with: | needle holder |
| Which vitamins is essential for the clotting process? | vitamin K |
| From where do most intracranial aneurysms arise? | Circle of Willis |
| Which type of equipment would require pre-op draping by the CST? | C-arm |
| What dietary substance enhances the production of collagen? | protein |
| The normal range of intra-op pressure for the insufflator during a laparoscopy is: | 12-15 mm Hg |
| Where should the EtO biological indicator be placed in the load? | center |
| What is the proper way to remove a patient from the lithotomy position? | lower legs together slowly in unison |
| What procedure should the first scrub CST set up for when a female patient is undergoing a repair for a cystocele and rectocele? | anterior and posterior colporrhaphy |
| Which vein drains into the small intestine? | hepatic portal |
| What specialized retractor is used during a rotator cuff repair? | Bankart |
| The concave notch of the kidney through which the ureter exits is the: | hilum |
| The large artery found posterior to the knee is the: | popliteal |
| Proper placement of the Foley catheter is confirmed prior to balloon inflation by what? | urine flowing out of catheter |
| Which portion of the small intestine joints to the large intestine? | ileum |
| Which tank would be brought into the OR if a CST is preparing an oscillating saw? | compressed nitrogen |
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kenderle7
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