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8Sci CH16
8th Science CH16 Geologic Time
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Cenozoic Era | geologic division following the Mesozoic Era; the Alps formed and the Himalaya Mountains started to rise; life-forms included the first horses and elephants and the appearance of the first modern humans; periods are subdivided into epochs |
| epoch | subdivisions of the Tertiary and Quaternary Periods of the Cenozoic Era as a result of a more complete geologic record--the rocks are newer and have been exposed to fewer destructive geologic processes, so there is more information to organize |
| era | division of Earth’s geologic time scale that is further divided into periods; the three major eras are the Paleozoic Era, the Mesozoic Era, and the Cenozoic Era; the 4th major division, Precambrian Time, covers a huge expanse of time & is further divided |
| fossil | remains or traces of a once-living organism; can provide information about the organism’s appearance, where and how it lived, and help divide geologic time |
| law of superposition | states that the oldest rock layers are at the bottom and the youngest rock layers are at the top if the layers have not been disturbed by processes such as earthquakes, volcanoes, and mountain building |
| Mesozoic Era | geologic division following the Paleozoic Era; life-forms included the first dinosaurs, birds, mammals, and flowering plants; Pangea separated and the Rocky Mountains began to rise;dinosaurs were extinct at the end of he Mesozoic |
| Paleozoic Era | second major geologic time scale division; began about 545 million years ago and was characterized by warm, shallow seas covering much of Earth; life-forms included trilobites, the first fish, amphibians, land plants, and reptiles |
| period | one of the 7 horizontal rows in the periodic table of elements; each period starts as the pattern of chemical and physical properties of the elements begins to repeat itself; made up of a series of elements with increasing atomic numbers |
| Precambrian Time | first major division of geologic time that began more than 4 billion years ago and makes up about 90% of Earth’s history to date |
| unconformity | occurs when layers of rock are missing, often because of forces such as plate tectonics, weathering, and erosion, or lack of soil decomposition, and results in an incomplete record of plants and animals that existed during that time |
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djhockett5
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