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8Sci CH17
8th Science CH17 Evolution of Life
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| evolution | ongoing process of change in the inherited features of a population of organisms over time; evolutionary evidence can be drawn from fossil remains, the chemical structure of organisms, and the physical structures of cells |
| homologous structure | similarity in structure and origin of the body parts of different organisms; for example, a bat’s wing, a human’s arm, and a dolphin’s flipper are homologous structures and suggest that the organisms evolved from a common ancestor |
| mutation | permanent change in a chromosome or gene; most mutations have little effect on organisms but some mutations can be harmful or helpful; variations in color, size, and shape are often caused by mutations |
| natural selection | process by which organisms with variations better adapted to their environments are more likely to survive and reproduce; Darwin formed the theory of natural selection to explain evolution |
| primate | mammalian group including apes, monkeys, and humans that shares many characteristics including binocular vision, flexible shoulders,and opposable thumbs |
| variation | differences in inherited traits or behaviors among members of the same species; advantageous variations help organisms survive in their environments and are called adaptations |
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djhockett5
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