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Module 2
Occupational risk factors
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Biohazard | Biological substances, such as medical waste and samples of a virus or bacterium, that pose a threat to human beings and are potentially infectious |
Material safety data sheet | Written or printed material information sheet for products and materials that contain a hazardous chemical. They offer basic information needed to ensure the safety and health of the user at all stages of its manufacture, storage, use, and disposal. |
Occupational safety and hazard administration | A governmental agency responsible for the safety of all employees of companies operating in the United States |
Causative agent | Bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa, Rickettsia |
Susceptible host | Individual who has suffered trauma, another disease process, or undergone surgery, or decreased immunity for other causes. |
Portal of entry | Wound, naturally occurring orifices; breaks in the skin |
Transmission | Hands of the healthcare worker; contaminated equipment or medicine. |
Portal of exit | Can be similar to the portal of entry; wound; surgical incision; naturally occurring orifices, breaks in the skin |
Reservoir | The place where the causative agent can live; in the body, animals, the environment or fomites |
Natural passive acquired immunity | When the mother passes the antibodies to the fetus through the umbilical cord or by breastmilk |
Artificially acquired passive immunity | A short-term immunization by the injection of antibodies, such as gamma globulin, that are not produced by the recipient sales. |
Naturally acquired active community | Occurs when the person is exposed to a live pathogen, developed the disease, and becomes immune as a result of the primary immune response. |
Artificially acquired active immunity | Can be induced by a vaccine, a substance that contains the antigen. |