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Anatomy/Kinesiology

Chapter 3 in AFAA PFT Certification

QuestionAnswer
Identify and Describe the (3) cardinal planes of movement Horizontal: divides the body into upper and lower Frontal: divides the body into front and back Saggital: divides the body into right and left
Define: Supine Lying on the back, face up
Define: Prone Lying face down
Define: Axial Skeleton Trunk and head
Define: Appendicular Skeleton Arms and Legs
Define: Diarthrodial Joints Synovial Joints
Define: Cartilage Semi-hard tissue that cushions joints and prevents bone-on-bone abrasions
Define: Synovial Membrane Provides nourishment, lubrication, and hydrostatic cushioning
Define: Bursae Fluid sacs and the end of bones, protects bony projections as they move past each other
Define: Ligament Attaches bone to bone
Define: Tendon Attaches bone to muscle
Define: Fascia Attaches muscles together and holds myofilaments together to form a muscle
List the (9) primary joint actions of the shoulder. Flexion, Extension, Abduction, Adduction, Internal Rotation, External Rotation, Circumduction, Horizontal Flexion/Adduction, Horizontal Extension/Abduction
Name the Rotator Cuff Muscles (SITS) Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, Teres Minor, Subscapularis
Describe the Shoulder Girdle The Clavicles, Acromion Processes, Scapulas, and Sternum
Name the Primary Joint Actions of the Shoulder Girdle Scapular Protration, Scapular Retraction, Scapular Depression, Scapular Elevation, Scapular Upward Rotation, Scapular Downward Rotation, Scapular Upward Tilt, Scapular return from Upward Tilt
Name the primary Joint Actions of the (3) Trapezius Muscle types Scapular Retraction(Adduction), Scapular Depression, Scapular Elevation
Name the (4) Primary Joint actions of the spine Spinal Flexion, Spinal Extension, Spinal Rotation, Spinal Lateral Flexion
Name the (3) Joint Actions of the Pelvic Girdle Pelvic Anterior Tilt, Pelvic Posterior Tilt, Pelvic Lateral Tilt
Describe the concerns involved with excessive hip flexor strengthening and/or tightness Low back pain and hip misalignment
Name the (3) muscles of the Hamstrings Biceps Femoris, Semi-Tendinosis, Semi-Membranosus
Name the (4) muscles of the Quadriceps Rectus Femoris, Vastus Medialis, Vastus Intermedius, Vastus Lateralis
List the (4) joint actions of the talocrural joint and subtalar joint Dorsiflexion, Plantar Flexion, Inversion, Eversion
Define: Agonist The muscle doing most of the work (concentric phase)
Define: Antagonist The muscle that relaxes to allow the agonist to work
Define: Stabilizer The muscle that works to maintain still joint movement
Define: Isometric Held muscle action in which there is no joint change
Define: Concentric When the muscle shortens or "crunches"
Define: Eccentric When the muscle lengthens or "elongates"
Name (3) types of levers Seesaw, Hammer and Nail, Wheelbarrow
Created by: BeeGe1026
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