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Liver Function
Question | Answer |
---|---|
The liver forms bile and it is stored in the: | gallbladder |
If a patient has a problem with bile not going into the intestine, what will they have an intolerance to? | Fatty foods |
What are some symptoms of intolerance to fatty foods? | Pain, in the right upper quadrant, mid epigastric, or back. Diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, cramping, and bloating. |
As a result of the fact that they cant digest fats, they are going to have an intolerance to fatty foods along with: | inadequate intake of your fat soluble vitamins, which is vitamin K, A ,D, and E. |
The liver stores vitamin and iron. Iron in the form of: | Ferritin |
What are the 6 things your body needs to produce RBC's? | Iron, erythropoietin, amino acids, folic acid,vitamin B-12 and good genes. |
What are the genetic types of anemia? | sickle cell anemia and thalassemia |
What are the different ways a patient can can have anemia? | Hemorrhage, genetic types of anemia, folic acid deficiency, vitamin b-12 deficiency, iron deficiency, nutritional deficiency, and kidney failure anemia. |
If we want to see if a patient is anemic, we would look at their CBC and in particular we would look for: | a decrease in their RBC's Hgb, and Hct. |
As a result of altered function why will the patient have a decrease in RBC count? | Becuse their liver can't store iron and iron stores will be depleted. |
What are some signs and symptoms of anemia? | Fatique, weakness, conjunctive are really pale,they are reall cold, and they are SOB. |
With anemia, the more sever the anemia the more severe the: | more severely SOB they are. |
What will we do for patients with iron deficiency anemia? | Give iron supplements and vitamin C to help with absorption. Teach them food sources of iron and vitamin C and importance of having both. Give patient frequent rest periods, give frequent rest periods, and keep them warm. |
The underlying pathophysiology for all your symptoms with anemia is: | HYPOXIA |
What are the two types of liver biopsies? | A closed and an open liver biopsy. |
What is an open liver biopsy? | It is done during surgery, maybe to rule out malignancy. Aspiration of liver cells is done to determine what kind of disease they have. |
What kind of cancer would readily metastasize to the liver? | colon cancer |
What is a closed liver biopsy? | It is more commonly done, and is done in an outpatient setting. The patient is stuck with a needle and liver tissue is aspirated. |
While a liver biopsy is generally done to confirm a diagnosis, it may also be done to: | determine how a patient is responding to treatment. |
What position is the patient in during a closed liver biopsy? | the patient is positioned on their back in the supine position with their elbow behind their head. |
Why do we have the patient hold their breath for 10 seconds when performing a closed liver biopsy? | To pull the lungs up from the point of the needle going in because we dont want to end up with a punctured lung, a pneumothroax or a pleural effusion. |
What is it important for the patient to understand regarding the closed liver biopsy? | To lay still, to be cooperative, and that they are going to hold their breath for 10 seconds. |
Before performing a closed liver biopsy what do we as nurses do? | Obtain signed consent, explain the procedure to the patient and obtain some baseline vitals. |
After a closed liver biopsy, we want to have th patient put some pressure on the biopsy site, so we have them lie: | On their right lateral side with a pillow or blanket und there to cause compression. |
How often do we check vitals after a closed liver biopsy? | Q15 minutes for the first hour |
What are you monitoring for with the patient who has had a closed liver biopsy? | signs and symptoms of shock |
What will we give a patient prophylactically to prevent hemorrhaging after a closed liver biopsy? | Vitamin K - IM |
What are the major complications that are possible after a liver biopsy? | Bleeding and shock! Pneumothorax, pleural effusions, or a perforated colon. |
What kind of patient teaching do we do after a liver biopsy? | Avoid lifting, coughing, and straining for 1-2 weeks. |
Why would a Hgb and Hct be ordered before discharge after a liver biopsy? | To determine whether or not there was any bleeding. |