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Bio Evidence of Evo

Evidence of Evolution

TermDefinition
Common Ancestor Most recent ancestral species from which two different species evolved
Phylogenetic tree and Cladogram Illustrate the ancestral relationship between different organisms/ species
Homology Characteristic shared by two species (or other taxa) that is similar because of common ancestry such as anatomical similarities OR molecular similarities OR developmental similarities
Anatomical Homology/ Homologous structure Anatomical structures that perform the same function in different biological species and evolved from the same structure in some ancestor species
Molecular Homology Similarities in genes, RNA, or amino acid sequences between different biological species
Developmental Homology Similarities in embryo development between different biological species
Vestigial structure A structure in an organism that is reduced in size and function and may have been important in the organism’s ancestor
Analogous structure The similarity of structure between two species that are not closely related as a result of convergent evolution; ex: wings of birds and butterflies
Biogeography The study of the distribution of organisms in geographic areas
Fossil record The accumulation of fossils and related geological data that give us clues about the past and its taxonomic history
Relative dating Method of determining the age of a fossil by comparing its placement with that of fossils in other layers of rock
Sedimentary layer Fossils that formed in sedimentary rock. Sedimentary rock is rock that is formed in layers by the depositing and pressing of sediments on top of each other
Extinct No living members of that species exists.
Created by: NEISDSci
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