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waste of a saturday
Rhetoric Terms for AP Language
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Onomatopoeia | Words that IMITATE sound: boom! crash! clap! |
| Parody | Humorous imitation of something serious: basically almost anything Weird Al has ever made! |
| Myth | Legendary stories that explain things. They have supernatural stuff, like the greek MYTHOLOGY. Think immortal Jerry Springer show. |
| Mock Heroic | Ludicrous imitation of a hero to be satirical. Think of the Joker in a batman suit pretending to be Batman. That would be Ludicrous, and an imitation, and the Joker is only doing it to be a jerk. |
| Satire | Little goat me-- that's a satyr sorry (: Satirical writing uses sarcasm, irony, and the like to denounce something or someone. |
| Denotation/Connotation | A denotation is a word, a connotation is kind of its definition. Denoation: Your Mom. Connotation: A woman who raises you. |
| Voice | An expression of an opinion. The world would be better off if some people didn't have one? |
| Audience | The people who bother to read what someone rights. Consider The Way to Rainy Mountain. The audience is probably just AP Language kids anymore because no one reads stuff like that anymore. |
| Point of View | The position of the speaker in relation to whatever they're talking about. |
| Epithet | A word that describes a person or a thing or whatever. Ivan the Terrible. Ivan was terrible, so throughout History we get to remember this by his epithet: Terrible. Hitler should have one so everyone can remember that he was a jerk. |
| Anathema | Something to hate. It's actually a noun. It is anathema. It seems like an adjective. It is not. "My friend is anathema to my mother." |
| Understatement | Basically you use weak facts. Calling the Civil War the "Unpleasantness". REALLY? |
| Analogy | One thing is like another. "Her love resembled that of a dog: always digging around for his lies, obsessed with him, and always wanting to kiss when he didn't want to." Kinda. I guess. |
| Comparison/Contrast | Yeah I don't know why I made a card to tell you that it basically it's saying "He is like a stalker because he followed her home, but he is not like a stalker because he doesn't have a black trench coat." |
| Definition | A statement that explains the meaning or significance of a term or idea or whatever. "Obama's accomplishments are non existent" "non-existent" is the definition of Obama's accomplishments. |
| Process Analysis | How to perform a task or how something happens. Like you know, telling everyone how to jump into a trashcan and locate cool stuff. |
| Classification | TO CLASSIFY. Spent forever looking for THAT definition. |
| Cause and Effect | Relation of occurrences. "The effect of his jumping off of a building was death" "The cause of his death was jumping off of a building." Well, depending on how high the building is, but yeah, that's the just of it. |
| Alliteration | Peter Piper Picked a Pack of Picked Peppers. Or Superfluous and Slightly Stupid Saying Sounds. Um... a repetition of beginning sound. |
| Theme | Whatever we're talking about. The theme of Romeo and Juliet isn't really how great love is. It's actually more like how stupid love is. If you squint a little bit. That's right. You did just imagine yourself (or someone else) squinting. You did. |
| Rebuttal | An argument that goes against the current argument. Like the people that have to argue or like, they can't breathe and then they're like "WELL I THINK THAT..." and then they rebut. |
| Syllogism. | Deductive reasoning. Let's make it simple. If a, then b. If b, then c. "If you are a ninja, then you are asian. If you are asian, then you make good food." Unless you're like starving and eating cardboard, in which case, I'm sorry =( |
| Fable | A story that talks about morals. The turtle went slow and the rabbit went fast but then the turtle found the rabbit, got hungry, and ate it. That's how he really won. MORAL: Don't be lazy or you're eaten by turtles =( |
| Elegy/Elegiac | Emo, overdone poems. They employ the use of Bathos. We'll get to that later. |
| Cliche | Overused statement. ALL'S FAIR IN LOVE AND WAR. Unless FDR is the president, or George W Bush. In which case, you kinda unfairly attack some country OTHER than the one that attacked you. |
| Ethos | An ethical appeal: Abortion is wrong. Kinda basic, but appeals to the view that abortion is wrong, and questions your ethics: is it wrong? |
| Pathos | Appeal to your emotions: Abortion is wrong because it's murder of cute little innocent babies. The author puts "cute little innocent" babies in to make you be like LEAVE THAT BABY ALONE. |
| Logos | Logical appeal: Abortion is wrong because it is the murder of cute little innocent babies. These babies have each of the characteristics of life, and are therefore alive, constituting murder. The facts are logical. |
| Euphemism | A device you use when you're dealing with some porcelain person like in the Wizard of Oz. No body dies! They "pass away". Basically a soft saying to replace a harsh truth. |
| Aphorism/Epigram | Statements (normally of opinion) that are very um, enthused. I HATE THAT MURDEROUS PRACTICE ENTITLED "ABORTION". |
| Paradox | A statement that contradicts itself. I'm just gonna quote one cuz... yeah. "Some day you will be old enough to start reading fairy tales again."- C.S. Lewis. |
| Inversion | Reversal or words. Think of the Beatitudes. "Blessed are the meek." Normally one would say "The meek are blessed." But the Bible is really awesome and owned Rhetoric and so God used Inversion. |
| Antithesis | Placing of two opposites like RIGHT NEXT TO EACH OTHER. "Give me liberty, or give me death." |
| Rhetorical Questions | A question that you're not supposed to answer cuz people already know the answer. "DO YOU WANT A SPANKING?" Instead of being a smart-butt and saying "yes, I was going to ask for one for Christmas." You just let everyone assume the answer is "no." |
| Cumulative Sentence | Places importance on details by placing them last. "He has cheezburger, a hamburger with meat that people want." |
| Periodic Sentence | A suspenseful sentence. Like in a TV show when you see a clip of the end and you're like WHAT? and you have to watch the rest. "Hitting him, she realized he was a wimp and didn't like him anymore." |
| Parallelism | Expresses equality by the arrangement of words. "A nation for the people, by the people..." Repetition of "the people" allows people to see how equal the people's role is. Which isn't a smart idea, politically. |
| Ad Hominem | What people are always doing in politics. Attack a person's status to discredit their argument. "I support taxation of cigarettes because it hurts health and..." "NO, IT'S BECAUSE YOU'RE A REPUBLICAN!" |
| Either/or Choice | Once again, you should really know this. It's an instance where people limit your choices. "Go to bed or I'll wake you up really early and dump ice water on you." |
| Non-Seauitur | A false converse. "If you are an octopus, then you GET TO INK THINGS!" "If you get to ink things, then you are an octopus." You know, you could just be a pen. Or a water-bender, like when Katara water-bended the ink in Avatar that one time. |
| Equivocation. | A word means two things. We smart-aleiks (HOW DO YOU SPELL THAT?) like them. "Please check your answers." You can either do the teacher a favor and check all of them correct, or physically go through and make sure you're right. 1st option= easier. |
| Begging the Question | Basically the argument assumes what the conclusion should be. If you're arguing that God exists, you have to prove he exists, not assume he does and conclude he does, because then it's like "BECAUSE I SAID SO." |
| Faulty causality | Assumes that there can only be one reason for an occurrence, or lack of one. Think of Spontaneous Generation. JUST BECAUSE MAGGOTS ARE ON TOP OF MEAT THAT MUST MEAN THAT THEY CAME FROM IT, AMIRITE? no. |
| Hasty Generalization | Because a small sample of people do something, then everyone belonging to that group must do it, obviously? My pirate friend Joe like bubble gum, so ALL pirates like bubble gum." |
| Qualify | To modify? |
| Allegory | LORD OF THE FLIES! LORD OF THE FLIES! LORD OF THE FLIES! LORD OF THE FLIES! LORD OF THE FLIES! It's a story that stands for another story. The story of the boys on the island was actually the story of the fall of Europe to dictators in WW2. |
| Parable | An allegorical story, normally religious. The "prodigal son" is a parable. It means God always takes you back, like the brat's father did. |
| Persuasion | Trying to persuade people to believe whatever you're trying to make them believe. Politicians use lots of rhetoric O_O |
| Description | writing that describes something. This one is hard to remember, mkay? Don't kill /too many/ brain cells, we still have similes to cover!! |
| Exposition | Explains a certain view point. |
| Narration | Tells a story. |
| Bathos | Like the teenage girls who write annoying poetry about Twilight and it's like "WHEN I LOOK INTO HIS SPONTANEOUS SPARKLY EYES, I SEE MY EDWARD CULLEN. HE SPARKLES LIKE THE SUN! IT'S SO... DAZZLING!" -shudder- |
| Oxymoron | Lol like half of Juliet's speeches. Basically 'incongruent' terms describing each other. O BRAWLING LOVE! O LOVING HATE! |
| Anaphora | Repetition of the first word or set of words. "I went to the story, I went to the park, I went to my room." Yes. You went. Anaphora. |
| Irony | When an event violates the expectations of the reader, but is still kind of like "HAHA IT HAPPENED TO HIM AND HE WAS LIKE..." consider North Korea getting nuked-- irony. |
| Hyperbole | An EXTREME EXAGGERATION! LIKE THE MOST AMAZING EXAGGERATION EVER! AN EXAGGERATION AS AWESOME AS AWESOME CAN EVER BE... |
| Allusion | A reference to something else. RJA's song "God Speed" says "they know not what they've done." An allusion to "Forgive them for they not what they do." |
| Personification | Giving human characteristics to a non-human thing. THE PENCIL STABBED ME! Can you blame it? Just kidding. But like, the pencil didn't really stab you. I di-- I mean, no. You did it. |
| Simile | It's a statement that uses like or as. He ran away like a SMOOTH CRIMINAL. |
| Metaphor | A comparison that does not use like or as. "Look beyond what you see." "METAPHORS? YOU SPOKE TO MY SON IN METAPHORES?!" |
Created by:
shaydz
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