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Chapter 6
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Republic | a political system in which citizens of a region elect representatives to run the government |
| Patricians | a class of powerful landowners in ancient Rome who controlled the government and society |
| Plebeians | farmers or workers, who made up a large part of the population in ancient Rome |
| Veto | ban |
| Forum | the assembly of an ancient Roman city |
| Constitution | a political structure |
| Senate | a body of legislators |
| Consuls | the chief executives elected to run the government in ancient Rome |
| Dictator | a political leader holding unlimited power |
| Gracchi | famous influencer who was a Roman statesman, he also helped ex-soldiers |
| Gaius Marius | Roman general and politician; he eliminated property restrictions for acceptance into the army |
| Lucius Cornelius Sulla | Roman general and politician |
| Julius Caesar | Roman general and one of the greatest military leaders in history |
| Triumvirate | a ruling body of three members |
| Augustus | First emperor of Rome; he established the Second Triumvirate with Mark Anthony |
| Pax Romana | a period of peace in Roman Empire lasting from the beginning of Augustus´s reign until the death of Marcus Aurelius |
| Villa | a home in the country |
| Circus | the site of chariots races in ancient Rome |
| Paterfamilias | the family father |
| Augurs | priests in ancient Rome who specialized in interpretation of the natural phenomena sent by the gods |
| Galen | Greek physician; he wrote several volumes that summarized all the medical knowledge of his day |
| Ptolemy | One of Alexander the Greats generals, he founded a dynasty that ruled Egypt for nearly 300 years |
| Aqueducts | man made channels used to transport water; ancient Romans built impressive aqueducts |
| Latin | the language of ancient Rome |
| Civil Law | a form of law based on a written code of laws |
| Christianity | a religion based on the teaching of Jesus of Nazareth |
| Messiah | in Judaism, a savior sent by God |
| Jesus of Nazareth | First-Century Jewish teacher |
| Disciples | followers of Jesus |
| Apostles | the 12 chosen disciples of Jesus; they were the first Christians missionaries |
| Martyrs | people put to death due to their beliefs |
| Paul | Apostle to the Gentiles; he worked to spread Jesus' teachings |
| Eucharist | a ceremony of some Christian denominations that commemorates Jesus' last supper |
| Bishop | a high-ranking church official who oversees a group of churches in a particular region or city |
| Popes | title given to the heads of the Roman Catholic Church |
| Inflation | increased prices for goods and services combined with the reduced value of money |
| Diocletian | Roman Emperor from 284 to 305; he divided the Roman Empire into eastern and western halves |
| Attila | King of Huns from 434 to 453 |
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