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Leaving cert Biology

2 - Food

QuestionAnswer
2018 Q1 Give two main reasons why living organisms require food. 1. As an energy source for cellular respiration. 2. Raw materials for growth and repair
2018 Q1 What is a polysaccharide? A carbohydrate composed of many names monosaccharide units
2018 Q1 Name the main structural polysaccharide in plants? Cellulose
2018 Q1 Describe the composition of a triglyceride molecule. A triglyceride molecule consists of a glycerol and 3 fatty acids.
2018 Q1 Give a structural role of lipids in the human body. Lipids are found in cell membranes
2018 Q1 Name a test and give the names of chemicals used to demonstrate the presence of protein in a food sample. A Biuret test, using copper sulphate and sodium hydroxide.
2018 Q7 In relation to investigations you carried out on food, state: 1. Why the brown paper used to test for the presence of fat should be allowed to dry out. 2. Which other food test required the application of heat. 1. To ensure the translucent stain is not just water. 2. The test for reducing sugars.
2017 Q1 Name a protein that has a fibrous structure. Where in the human body can you expect it to be found. keratin / Collagen. keratin is found in the nails and hair/ Collagen can be found in cartilage, tendons and bone.
2017 Q1 Give a role of a named mineral other than calcium, which is requitred by plants. Magnesium. Chlorophyll formation.
2017 Q1 State two reasons why water is required by living organisms. 1. To act as a solvent for nutrients. 2. Turgidity in cells.
2017 Q1 Name the metallic element present in haemoglobin. Iron (Fe)
2017 Q1 Which type of food molecule may be identified by the use of Benedict's or Fehling's solution? Reducing sugar.
2016 Q2 Identify a non-metallic element, other than C,H,O and N, commonly found in proteins. Sulphur (S)
2016 Q2 Give a metabolic role and a structural of proteins in the human body. Metabolic role - Enzymes Structural role - Component of hair, muscle and skin.
2016 Q2 Name two different bio molecular components of a lipid. 1. Glycerol or propan1,2,3-triol. 2. Fatty acid.
2016 Q2 Where could you expect to find phospholipids in human cells? Cell membranes.
2016 Q2 Give a role of a named mineral in the human body other than iron. Potassium. Nerve function.
2016 Q2 What is the approximate % of water, by mass, in the human body? 70 - 95%
2015 Q1 What is the name given to the simplest form of carbohydrates? Monosaccharides.
2015 Q1 Name a catabolic process that produces these simplest units of carbohydrates. Digestion.
2015 Q1 The general formula of carbohydrates is Cx(H20)y. What is the most common value for Y in the carbohydrates used for energy in human cells? 6
2015 Q1 Name a structural polysaccharide found in plants. Cellulose.
2015 Q1 Name a polysaccharide other than cellulose found in plants. Starch.
2015 Q1 Which carbohydrate is always found in DNA? Deoxyribose.
2015 Q11 Explain heterotrophic and omnvivorous. Heterotrophic - Eats other organisms, cannot make their own food. Omnivorous - Eats both animal and plant material.
2015 Q11 What is meant by a balanced diet? Correct amounts of each food type for good health.
2015 Q11 Write down the dental formula for an adult human with a full set of teeth. I 2/2; C 1/1; PM 2/2; M 3/3
2015 Q11 Give two functions of the large intestine. 1. Absorbtoion of water. 2. Peristalsis
2015 Q11 Outline two beneficial functions of the bacteria that live in the digestive tract. 1. Aid in digestion. 2. Production of Vitamins. .
2014 Q2 How does a phospholipid differ from a fat? A phospholipid has a phosphate group and only 2 fatty acids. A fat has 3 fatty acids attatched.
2014 Q2 Name a fat soluble vitamin and name a disorder associated with the lack of this vitamin. Vitamin d. Rickets
2014 Q2 Give two functions of minerals in organisms. 1. Formation of rigid structure e.g, bone. 2. Formation of pigments e.g, chlorophyll.
2012 Q1 Name a monosaccharide and give its formula. Glucose (C6H12O6)
2012 Q1 Name a polysaccharide that can be formed from the monosaccharide glucose. starch.
2012 Q1 What do carbohydrates and fats have in common? They are both composed of C, H and O.
2012 Q1 How may one fat differ from another in terms of chemical composition? One may be phosphorylated or one may have different fatty acids.
2011 Q1 Which food type may be identified in the laboratory by the use of Sudan III or brown paper? Fat or Lipids.
2011 Q1 Give one role for a named mineral in plants. Mg for making Chlorophyll.
2011 Q1 What colour indicates a strong positive result in Fehling's or Benedict's test for reducing sugars? Orange or Red.
2011 Q1 Give a role of lipids in cells. Component of cell membranes.
2011 Q1 Give a role of water in the human body other than a component in cytoplasm. Water acts as a solvent.
2011 Q1 How many common amino acids are found in proteins? 20.
2010 Q1 In relation to human diet, what is meant by trace elements? Give an example. A trace element is a small amount of that element is needed e.g, <0.01%. Iron (Fe) or Copper (Cu).
2010 Q1 What is the difference between an oil and a fat? A fat is saturated and is solid at room temperature. An oil is unsaturated and a liquid at room temperature.
2010 Q1 Vitamins may be divided into two groups based on their solubility, what are they? Water soluble and fat soluble vitamins.
2010 Q1 What is a triglyceride? A triglyceride consists of three molecules of fatty acids and a glycerol unit.
2010 Q1 Give an example of a catabolic reaction in a cell. Respiration.
2009 Q1 In carbohydrates, which two elements are in the ratio of 2:1? Hydrogen (H) and Oxygen (O)
2009 Q1 Explain the term polysaccharide. A carbohydrate made up of many monosaccharide units.
2008 Q1 Biomolecules of the general formula Cx(H20)y are examples of what? Carbohydrates
Created by: neilkelly
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