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Anatomy+Physiology

ISSA Personal Training 9th Edition Unit 2

Adrenal Glands two glands that release hormones which helps the body cope with stress.
Aerobic occurring with the use of oxygen or requiring oxygen.
Afferent System the part of the PNS that sends messages to the CNS
Alveoli Capillary-rich air sacs in the Lunds were the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place.
Anaerobic Accuring without the use of oxygen
Autonomic System
Central Nervous System (CNS)
Circulatory System System consisting of the heart and blood vessels that seven as the transportation system .
Columnar Epithelium Resembles a column or pillar shape. These cells are widespread throughout the body, forming linings in the digestive and respiratory tracts. They function as secretory cells or absorptive and move materials our of a passage, as in the respiratory tract.
Cortisol
Contraction the shortening of a muscle or increase in tension
Cuboidal Epithelium Made of cube-shaped cells as founding the lining of the kidney tubules.
Diastolic Pressure
Digestion the process of mechanical or chemical breakdown of food into absorbable molecules.
Digestive System System of the Body consisting of the digestive tract and glands that secrete digestive juices in to the digestive tract. Responsible for breaking down foods and eliminating waste.
Distal tubule of the Kidney
Efferent System system designed to cause action; consist of the somatic and autonomic system s
Endocrine System System consisting of the glands and tissues that release hormones. it works with the nervous system in regulating metabolic activities.
Epinephrine
Erythrocyte Blood cell that contains hemoglobin to carry oxygen to the bodily tissues, a biconcave disc that no nucleus. (red blood cell)
Fat Metabolism a metabolic process that breaks down ingested fats into fatty acids and glycerol and then into simpler compounds that can be used by cells of the body for general bodily function as well as energy production.
Fatty Acid Any of a large group of mono basic acids, especially those found in animal and vegetable fats and oils
Fructose Fruit sugar.
Glandular Epithelium Cells that secrete mucus and hormones, such as those of the salivary and thymus glands.
Glucagon
Gluconeogenesis Chemical process that converts lactate and pyruvate back into glucose
Glucose Principal circulating sugar in the blood and the major energy source of the body
Glycogen granule Structure of the call that stores glycogen and enzymes for glycogen breakdown and synthesis
Glycogenolysis
glycolysis The metabolic process that creates energy from the splitting of glucose to form pryuvic acid or lactic acid and ATP
Growth Hormone (HGH or hGH)
Hemoglobin An oxygen- transporting protein found in blood cells.
Insulin A polypeptide hormone functioning in the regulation of the metabolism of carbohydrates and fats, especially the conversion of glucose to glycogen, which lowers the blood glucose level.
Integumentary System System of the body consisting of the skin and its associated structures, such as hair, nails, sweat glands, and sebaceous gland.
Ketosis
Law of Gaseous Diffusion Law stating that a gas will move across a semipermeable membrane from an area of higher concentration to and area of lower concentration.
Left Ventricle Ejection Fraction the percentage of blood in side the left ventricle pushed out into the body after contraction.
Leukocyte Cell whose primary function is to combat infections, also known as white blood cells .
Ligament Connective tissue that connects bone to bone or bone to cartilage.
Lipogenesis The formation of fat.
lymphatic System Subsystem of the circulatory system, which protects the body against disease.
Macronutrients a category of nutrients including carbohydrates, proteins, and fats that are present in foods in large animals.
Maximal Oxygen Uptake (VO2max) the maximum usable portion of oxygen uptake over a period of time.
Maximum Heart Rate (HR max) the highest rate at which an individual is capable: 220 minus age in years
Maximum minute volume The amount of air that a person can process during on minute of vigorous exercise.
muscular system System of the body consisting of large skeletal muscle that allow us to move, cardiac muscle in the heart, and smooth muscle of the internal organs,
nerve impulse System comprised of the brain, spinal cord, sense organs and nerves. regulates there systems.
nervous system
nervous tissue The main component of the nervous system, the brain and spinal cord of the central nervous system, and the branching peripheral nerves of the peripheral nervous system, which regulates and controls bodily functions and activity.
osmosis the scientific process of transferring fluid between molecules
peripheral nervous system (PNS)
plasma the fluid portion of blood
platelet Cytoplasmic body found in the blood plasma that functions to promote blood clotting.
reproductive system System consisting of gonads, associated ducts, and external genitals concerned with sexual reproduction.
Residual volume The remainder of the air in the lungs after the usable lung volume has been measured.
respiratory system System consisting of the lungs and air passageways, which supplies oxygen to the body and removes carbon dioxide.
resting heart rate Th number of times the hear beats in one minute. (72 beats per minute = avg. adult)
skeletal system System of the body consisting of bone and cartilage that supports and protects the body.
somatic system
Squamos epithelium Composed of one layer of flat cells. Is located in the linings of the mouth, esophagus, and blood and lymphatic vessels. Substances can easily diffuse through this layer of cells.
Stroke Volume The volume of blood pumped out of the heart into the circulatory system by the left ventricle in one contraction.
Sympathetic Nervous System An automatic system that speeds up most activities in the body
Tendon Connective tissue that attaches muscle to bone.
Tissue
Triglycerides The storage form of fat made up of three fatty acids and a glycerol group
Urinary System Main excretory system of the body, which consist of the kidneys, ureter, urinary bladder, and urethra
Vital Capacity The useable port of the lungs.
Created by: pai2015.pi
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