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ADV FUNDS CH 37 Surg
surgical chapter
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| elective surgery means what ? | voluntary |
| palliative surgery means what ? | to relieve pain or complications |
| diagnostic surgery means ? | provides a diagnosis for the problem |
| reconstructive surgery means ? | restore appearance or function |
| curative surgery means ? | alleviates/cures the problem |
| infants and older adults are at higher risk for complications of surgery why ? | immature or decline in body system function |
| what is one concern regarding temperature for at risk patients ? | they need to maintain their core temperature, older and infants have a difficult time doing this |
| what body system does aging cause changes in ? | cardio, respi, renal, integ, neuro, metabolic |
| list other patients at risk for complications (diagnoses) | bleeding disorders, chronic pain, upper respiratory tract infection, fever, drug abuse issues |
| all patients who have surgery are at risk for what ? | infection |
| what percent of surgery infections can be prevented by following SCIP? | 40-60% |
| list the surgical risk factors for patients | diabetes, advanced age with inactivity, very young, malnourished, dehydration, obesity, cardiovascular problems, peripheral vascular disease , substance abuse or alcohol dependence, smoking, regular use of drugs, excessive fear |
| what are the recommendations by SCIP to prevent surgical site infections ? | prophylactic antibiotics, do not remove hair at surgical site, when essential remove immediately before surgery, do not use razors to remove hair, glycemic control 200, body temp during and after surgery maintained at 98.6 to 100.4 |
| what is perioperative nursing ? | care of patient from time of decision to have surgery through recovery from procedure |
| lysis def : | removal or destruction of adhesions |
| anastomosis def: | joining of two parts, ducts or blood vessels |
| suffix "ectomy" def: | cutting out or off |
| suffix "ostomy" def: | furnishing with a mouth or outlet |
| suffix "otomy" def: | cutting into |
| suffix "plasty" def: | revision, molding or repair of tissue |
| siffix "pexy" def: | fixation, anchoring in place |
| what does LASER actually mean ? | Light Amplification Stimulated Emission of Radiation |
| what does anesthesia mean ? | loss of sensory perception |
| how is general anesthesia induced ? | gas or IV medication |
| why must it be quiet while the patient is in stage II of recovery from anesthesia ? | noise can cause instability in vital signs |
| accurate ______and _______ is important to calculate anesthetic agent and medication dosages | height and weight |
| where is regional anesthetic injected ? | spinal, caudal, epidural and peripheral nerve area |
| can a surgical consent be signed when the patient has been given premedication before surgery ? | no |
| who is responsible for obtaining the surgical consent ? | the surgeon |
| What must be explained to the patient in a surgical consent ? | need for procedure, description of procedure, risk and benefits, and alternative treatments available and their possible consequences |
| True or false : the surgical consent must be in terms that the patient can understand even if the patient cannot read or write | true |
| true or false : a patient may sign an "X" on a surgical consent | true but it must be witnessed |
| true or false : surgical consent can be given by phone | true in emergencies |
| If no one can give consent and the surgery is an emergency what happens ?> | two surgeons must agree that the surgery is necessary |
| all responsible adults are asked to complete __________ ____________ when admitted to the hospital if they do not already have them on file | advanced directives |
| true or false: when marking a surgical site the patient must assist in the marking process | true |
| What is "called" before the surgery begins ? | time out |
| what does a time out before surgery include ? | correct patient, correct site, correct body part |
| what are the recommended tests done before surgery ? | CBC, UA, renal testing, LFTs, elytes, PT, APTT, type and cross, CXR ECG |
| what is an autologous transfusion | using ones own blood for transfusion |
| what type of blood transfusion is acceptable for a Jehovah's Witness ? | autologous |
| what if a wedding band cannot be removed during surgery what do you do with the band ? | tape it to the finger |
| why would they want dentures to remain in during surgery ? | to facilitate the mask fitting during anesthesia |
| who is usually an RN in the OR the scrub or circulating nurse ? | circulating |
| who is responsible for the following : coordinating care, verifies consent is signed, and sets up the OR ? | circulating nurse |
| who is responsible for handing instruments to the surgeon during surgery ? | scrub nurse |
| when is coughing post op contraindicated ? | hernia repair, eye, ear or brain surgery |
| what are the signs of complications from surgery related to respiratory function ? | SOB, pain on inspiration, extreme fatigue |
| who often is urine observed in the urinary bag immediately post op ? | every hour |
| if the urine flow is less than ______ml/kg per hour you are to report it to the nurse. | 5 |
| if the flow is less than _____ml in 2 hours you must notify the surgeon. | 60 |
| No _______additive should be given until the urine flow is at least 5ml/kg per hour. | potassium |
| you may offer the patient ice chips or sips of fluid after an order is obtained and their _________ ___________ has returned. | gag reflex |
| what is a paralytic ileus ? | failure of forward movement of bowel contents |
| after starting to eat a patient should have a bowel movement within _____ to ______ days | 2 to 3 |
| what action can disrupts a clot that has formed in the legs and cause an embolus | rubbing of the legs |
| what is dehiscence ? | separation of layers of surgical wound |
| what is evisceration ? | viscera through the surgical incision |
Created by:
Kelly Quijano
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