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CNA Study ch 5-7

Material for CNA certification exam from Hartman's Nursing Assistant Care 4th ed

QuestionAnswer
Which state exam procedures require gloves? PPE Bedpan Urinary output Pericare Catheter Mouth care Dentures Bed bath Foot care
Which state exam procedures don't require gloves? Hand hygiene Ambulate Transfer Position on side Blood pressure Pulse Respiration count Weight Dress TED hose Feeding ROM arm ROM leg
What do you always have to do before leaving a resident's room? Check that bed is in lowest, locked position and that the resident has the call button within reach of their stronger hand. Wash hands.
What do you always do when you enter a resident's room? Knock first. After being acknowledged say hello with proper addressing of resident's name, state your name and that you are a CNA, and tell the resident what you plan to do. Privacy curtain. Wash hands.
What is "infection prevention?" The set of methods practiced in a health care facility to prevent and control the spread of disease
What is a microorganism Abbreviated MO. Also called microbe. Living thing that is so small it is only visible under a microscope.
What are harmful microorganisms called? Pathogens
What is an infection? Pathogens multiply and invade the body
What are the two main types of infections? Localized - limited to a specific location in the body -- usually causing red, swollen, painful and warm areas near a wound Systemic -- affects the entire body and travels through the bloodstream causing symptoms like fever, chills and mental confusion
What is a health-care associated infection? Abbreviated HAI Infection acquired in a healthcare setting during the delivery of medical care
What are signs and symptoms of localized infection? Pain redness swelling pus drainage heat
What are signs and symptoms of systemic infection? Fever Body aches Chills Nausea Vomiting Weakness Headache Mental confusion Drop in person's normal blood pressure
What is the chain of infection? Way to describe how disease is transmitted from one human being to another; infection will stop if one (or more) of the links is broken Causative Agent Reservoir Portal of Exit Mode of Transmission Portal of Entry Susceptible Host
What is Mode of Transmission in the Chain of Infection? How the pathogen travels Direct contact Indirect contact Airborne Droplets
What is the primary route of disease transmission with the healthcare setting? Hands of the health care worker
What are examples of portals of entry? nose, mouth, eyes, other mucous membranes, cuts in the skin, cracked skin
What is a mucous membrane? Membranes that line body cavities that open to the outside of the body
What is the most important way to stop the spread of infection? Washing hands / hand hygiene
What is medical asepsis? measures used to reduce and prevent the spread of pathogens; used in all healthcare settings
What is surgical asepsis? Sterile techniques that make an object or area completely free of all migroorganisms
Why are elderly at a higher risk for infection? Weakened immune system (esp. chronic disease) Decreased circulation slow wound healing malnutrition dehydration limited mobility more frequent hospitalization pressure injury conditions weaker skin longer recovery from colds
What government agencies are most important with respect to precautions against infection? Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
What are the two levels of precaution described by the CDC and what part of the chain of infection do they disrupt? Standard Precautions Transmission-based Precautions Disrupts the Mode of Transmission part of the chain
With whom must the NA use Standard Precautions? Every resident/patient -- all people under the NA's care
What does it mean to follow Standard Precautions? Treating all bodily fluids (except sweat), all nonintact skin and all mucous membranes as if they were infected.
How do Standard Precautions stop the spread of disease? By interrupting the mode of transmission
What are glove guidelines for NAs to use Standard Precautions? Wash hands before donning gloves and immediately after doffing gloves Wear gloves if you may come in contact with potentially infected materials Remove gloves immediately after a procedure Wear gloves when handling sharps
What are gown guidelines for NAs according to Standard Precautions? Wear a disposable gown that is resistant to body fluids - if contact with body fluids is possible -when a resident has a contagious illness even if it is not likely you will come into contact with blood or body fluids
What are Standard Precautions for NAs with respect to sharps? Wear gloves Use caution Avoid nicks / cuts when shaving When done with sharp, place in biohazard container for sharps Do not discard into biohazard container not designated for sharps Dispose of at the point of origin
What are Sharps? Needles, or other sharp objects
Created by: lynnevanarsdale
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