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Equilibrium
GCSE chemistry and combined chemistry
Question | Answer |
---|---|
What is a reversible reaction? | A reaction which can go from reactants to products but also from products to reactants |
What chemical symbol represents a reversible reaction? | ⇌ |
If a reaction is exothermic in the forward direction what will it be in the reverse direction? | Endothermic |
Two reactants require 30kJ to turn into products. What energy transfer is involved when the products turn into reactants? | 30kJ is released |
What is equilibrium? | The point in a reversible reaction when the forward and reverse reactions are occurring at the same rate |
How is the amount of reactant changing at equilibrium? | It is not changing |
How is the amount of product changing at equilibrium? | It is not changing |
A reaction is exothermic in the forward direction. What will occur if the temperature is increased? | The backward reaction will increase as it is endothermic and will reduce the temperature |
A reaction is endothermic in the forward direction. What will occur if the temperature is increased? | The forward reaction will increase as it is endothermic and will reduce the temperature |
A reaction is at equilibrium when some product is removed. What will occur? | The forward reaction will increase as that will increase the amount of product |
A reaction is at equilibrium when the concentration of a reactant is increased. What will occur? | It will move in the forward reaction to reduce the amount of the reactant. |
The reaction below is at equilibrium. What will occur when the pressure is increased?2H₂(g) + O₂(g) ⇌ 2H₂O(g) | The forward reaction will increase as there are fewer molecules on the right. This will reduce the total number of molecules and therefore the pressure. |
What is the Haber process reaction | 3H2(g) + N2 (g) ⇌ 2NH3(g) |
What temperature is used for the Haber process? | 450 oC |
Where does the nitrogen for the Haber Process come from? | Nitrogen from the atmosphere |
Where does the hydrogen for the Haber Process come from? | Hydrogen from natural gas |
Why are the products of the reaction cooled? | To turn the ammonia into a liquid and remove it, so driving the equilibrium in the forward reaction some more. |
What is a dynamic equilibrium? | A reversible reaction where the forward reaction and the backward reaction happen at the same rate |
What catalyst is used for the Haber process? | Iron catalyst |
What pressure is used for the Haber process? | 200 atmospheres |