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Musculoskeletal

Peds

TermDefinition
Congenital Hip Dysplasia Ball and socket joint of hip not properly formed. Hip attaches to thigh bone. Congenital
Congenital Hip Dysplasia S/SX Leg shorter on one side, pain, swelling, decreased activity, narrow stance, decreased ROM
Congenital Hip Dysplasia Diagnostic X-ray, CT scan
Congenital Hip Dysplasia Treatment Weight reduction, exercise restriction, joint fluid modifiers, medications
Congenital Hip Dysplasia Assessment Baseline physical, pain assessment
Clubfoot Feet or foot rotated internally at the ankle. Foot points down and inward, soles of feet face each other. Idiopathic, exact cause unknown.
Clubfoot S/SX Foot short/broad, heel points downward. Achilles tendon tight, calf muscle smaller, heel narrow
Clubfoot Diagnostic Ultrasound, prenatally as early as 13 weeks
Clubfoot Treatment Non-surgical methods, stretching, casting and bracing.
Clubfoot Assessment CAVE, Cavus, Adductus, Varus, Equinus
Osteogenesis Imperfecta Genetic disorder, affecting bones, imperfect bone formation. Bones easily break. Mutation of COL1A1 and COL1A2
Osteogenesis Imperfecta S/SX Weak muscles, malformed bones, loose joints, blue or purple sclera, breathing problems, brittle teeth, bowed legs, triangular face.
Osteogenesis Imperfecta Diagnostic Family history, clinical presentation, x-ray, bone density test, bone biopsy.
Osteogenesis Imperfecta Treatment IV Pamidronate, Risedronate. Goal is prevention of deformity, treat symptoms, nutrition
Osteogenesis Imperfecta Assessment Physical exam, collagen synthesis analysis, prenatal DNA mutation analysis, bone mineral density, x-ray, ultrasonography
Scoliosis Lateral curing of spine. Idiopathic, congenital or secondary to other disorder
Scoliosis S/SX SOB, pain, immobility, deformity, one shoulder blade higher than other, uneven hips, back and joint pain
Scoliosis Diagnostic X=ray, CT scan, spinal radiograph, MRI
Scoliosis Treatment Maintain breathing pattern, treat pain, correct curve-surgical or brace
Scoliosis Assessment Adams Forward Bending test, physical, respiratory pattern.
Arthritis/JIA Rheumatoid Elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-Reactive protein cause inflammation
Arthritis/JIA Rheumatoid S/SX Joint pain, tenderness, swelling, warmth, redness, stiffness, limited ROM
Arthritis/JIA Rheumatoid Diagnostic Physical exam, x-ray, blood tests, RA test
Arthritis/JIA Rheumatoid Treatment NSAIDS, Steroids, Corticosteroids, biologic agents, DMARDS, rest, stretching, mild exercise
Arthritis/JIA Rheumatoid Assessment Physical exam, pain assessment, vital, PMH
Lupus Long term autoimmune disease
Lupus S/SX Inflammation, swelling, damage to joints, skin, kidneys, blood, heart and lungs, photosensitivey
Lupus Diagnostic ANA test, urine test
Lupus Treatment NSAIDS, corticosteroids, antimalarial drugs, BLyS specific inhibitors, immunosuppressive agents
Lupus Assessment ANA test, urine test,assess for malar rash, skin rash, mouth or nose ulcers
Osteomyelitis Bone Infection. Bacterial infection in bloodstream cause by staphylococcus
Osteomyelitis S/SX Fever, irritability, fatigue, nausea, tenderness, redness, swelling, limited ROM
Osteomyelitis Diagnostic Bacterial culture, bone biopsy, MRI
Osteomyelitis Treatment Drain infected area, remove diseased bone/tissue, restore blood flow, amputate limb, remove foreign objects
Osteomyelitis Assessment Physical exam, MRI, bone biopsy, bacterial culture
Traumatic Injury Caused by various forces outside body, blunt trauma, falls, traffic crashes, assaults, burns
Traumatic Injury S/SX Concussions, bone breaks, brain injury, burns, seizures, LOC, nausea/vomit
Traumatic Injury Diagnostic X-ray, MRI, CT scan
Traumatic Injury Treatment Rest, immobilization, pain medications, surgical procedure
Traumatic Injury Assessment Baseline physical, neurological exam
Fractures Open/Closed/Incomplete- closed does not break through skin, Open breaks through skin- Causes-Falls, accidents, assaults, blunt trauma, burns
Fractures S/SX Pain, swelling, bruising, discolored skin, angulation, non-weight bearing, immobility, loss of sensation
Fractures Diagnostic X-ray, CT scan, physical exam
Fractures Treatment Stop bleeding, immobilize, apply ice, treat for shock, antibiotics, tetanus, irrigation
Fractures Assessment Determine threat of fracture, baseline vitals, assess bleeding
Created by: abcdoula
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