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Nervous System-Lobes
vocab, Lobes and primary/associative Cortexes
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Structural unit or cell in the nervous system, capable of transmitting electrochemical signals. | Neuron |
| Bundles of nerve fibers that transmit electrochemical signal to and from the CNS | Nerves |
| Neurons that conduct away from the neuron cell body or CNS | Efferent |
| Neurons that conduct toward the neuron cell body or CNS | Afferent |
| Efferent neurons located in the Central Nervous system | Upper motor neuron (UMN) |
| All sensory nerves/neurons are________. | Afferent |
| All motor nerves/neurons are _________. | Efferent |
| Function is to work in conjunction with lower motor neuron to act as path ways for movement. | Upper motor neuron (UMN) |
| located in the PNS, synapses with muscle fibers to produce muscle contraction. | Lower motor neuron (LMN) |
| Efferent neurons, directed by upper motor neuron to contract muscles both voluntarily and reflexive | Lower motor neuron (LMN) |
| Functional unit that produces movement. | Motor unit |
| Consists of LMN & all of the muscle fibers that it innervates (Control of muscles that are attached to or muscles that it transmits to). | Motor unit |
| When a motor unit contracts what happens? | all the muscle fibers have to fire or contract (all or nothing phenomenon). |
| Cell body of neuron | Soma |
| Branches that conduct electrical impulses toward the soma. | Dendrites |
| Branches that conduct electrical impulses away from the soma. | Axon |
| What makes up the CNS? | Brain, brainstem, & spinal cord |
| shallow depression or grove | Sulcus |
| Deep depression or grove | Fissure |
| A ridge | Gyrus |
| Major portion of the brain | Cerebrum |
| What type of movements is the brain responsible for? | purposeful as well as reflexive |
| Where is the brain contained? | Within the cranium |
| What is the function of the brains as a whole? | Integrates information received from all the different lobes and structures and operates smoothly & efficiently, faster than a computer |
| What is the shell of the brain called? | Cortex |
| What type of matter is the cortex comprised of? | Gray matter |
| What type of matter is the interior portion of the brain comprised of? | White matter |
| Large mass of white matter that connects the left & right hemispheres of the brain. | Corpus Callosum |
| What type of fibers make up the Corpus Callosum? | Commissural Fibers |
| The largest commissural fiber. | Corpus Callosum |
| Connect areas within the same hemisphere | Association Fibers |
| How are lobes of the cerebrum located on the cortical surface? | By sulci & gyri |
| lobe located at the front part of the brain | Frontal Lobe |
| Part of brain that guides thought, social behavior, multi tasking, organization, ability to plan, intuition, personality, ability to be empathetic, self control, inhibition, aids in memory function and new learning | Function of the Frontal Lobe |
| Inferior: Lateral Sulcus (AKA Sylvian Fissure) Posterior: Central Sulcus (AKA Rolandic Fissure) Superior & Anterior: Outer surface of the brain | Boundaries of the Frontal Lobe |
| Primary function or area of the frontal lobe | Primary Motor Cortex |
| Location of the Primary motor cortex | Precentral Gyrus |
| Long prominent surface elevation located immediately anterior to the central sulcus | Precentral Gyrus |
| Responsible for voluntary control of skeletal muscles on the Contralateral side of the body. | Precentral Gyrus |
| Is more brain matter devoted to fine or gross motor control? | Fine Motor control |
| Location of the the Primary Motor Cortex | Precentral gyrus |
| Premotor area of the frontal lobe, at the Inferior Frontal Gyrus | Where Broca's area is located |
| Responsible for motor planning for speech production | Broca's Area responsibility |
| Area that does not send signals to muscles only plan to primary motor cortex | Broca's area |
| Which hemisphere is the language dominant hemisphere? | The left hemisphere |
| Anterior boundary of parietal lobe | Central sulcus |
| Inferior boundary of parietal lobe | Posterior & Lateral Sulcus |
| Posterior boundary of parietal lobe | Posterior Sulcus or Parietoccipital Sulcus |
| Function of Parietal Lobe | Primary Sensory Cortex |
| Location of Primary Sensory Cortex | Post-central gyrus |
| Registers sensations such as pain, touch, and temperature from the contralateral side of the body. | Parietal Lobes |
| Partially responsible for Proprioception (awareness of body position in space) | Parietal lobes |
| Located in the Parietal Lobe, just posterior to the central Sulcus. | Location of Post-central gyrus |
| Areas involved with your awareness of things | Primary Areas |
| Areas responsible for interpretation | Association areas |
| Primary & association areas located where are not involved in speech & language? | Around the lateral sulcus |
| Superior boundary of Temporal lobe | Lateral Sulcus |
| Posterior boundary of Temporal lobe | Posterior Sulcus/ Parietoccipital Sulcus (Imaginary line that separates it from the occipital lobe). |
| Primary function of Temporal Lobe | Primary Auditory Cortex |
| Site of higher auditory processing, memory and perceptual judgments | Responsibility of Temporal lobe |
| Located just below and on the interior wall of the lateral sulcus. Auditory info from both ears is transmitted to the primary auditory cortex in both hemispheres. | Heschl’s Gyrus aka Primary Auditory Cortex |
| Auditory Association Cortex | Wernicke’s Area |
| Located on the posterior part of the superior temporal gyrus. | Wernicke’s Area |
| Inferior to the frontal and parietal lobes. | Temporal Lobes |
| Located in the most posterior part of the brain. | Occipital Lobe |
| Separated from the parietal & temporal lobes by imaginary lines that follow interior landmarks. | Occipital Lobe |
| Houses the Primary Visual Cortex & Visual Association Areas. | Occipital Lobe |
| Makes you aware of what you're seeing | Primary Visual Cortex |
| Interprets what you see | Visual Association Areas |
| What area is important for language formulation? | Wernicke’s Area |
| Responsible for language comprehension and generation of linguistic thought. | Wernicke’s Area |
| What is the most posterior lobe? | Occipital lobe |
| Lobe not related to speech production but important in reading | Occipital lobe |
| What type of fibers connect the Broca's area to Wernicke’s Area | Association Fibers |
| Fibers that connect areas within the same hemisphere | Association Fibers |
| What's an example of an Association fiber? | Arcuate Fasciculus |
| Consists of groups of fibers that form association tracts between areas, within lobes, and between lobes. | Association Fibers |
| Fibers that connect an area in one hemisphere to an area in the other hemisphere | Commissural Fibers |
| The largest commissural fiber | Corpus Callosum |
| Location of Primary auditory cortex | Temporal lobe |
| Location of Primary visual cortex | Occipital Lobe |
Created by:
aramos139
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