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Digestive/Bowel Agen

Pharmacology test #4

QuestionAnswer
Gallstone Dissolving Agents Ursodiol (Actigal)
Digestive Enzymes Pancrealipase (Pancreases)
What enzymatic drug can ONLY be administered orally and CANNOT be crushed? Pancrealipase (Pancreases)
What drug is administered to pts who are not a candidate for gallbladder removal surgery? Ursodiol (Actigal)
What drug that's very expensive must be taken for 1 year or more to effectively treat gallstones? Ursodiol (Actigal)
What class of drugs that buffer, nuetralize or absorb hydrochloric acid in the stomach, therefore increase the gastric PH to neutralize gastric acidity? Antacids
List 4 Antacids 1.Tums 2.Maalox 3.Magnesium (MOM) 4.Aluminum Carbonate (Amphojel)
What type drugs are given 1 hour AFTER meals & at bedtime-rapid onset. Give 2 hours before or after other medications. Antacids
What drug is an H2 receptor Antagonist? Ranitidine (Zantac)
What's a generally well tolerated drug that treats peptic & duidenal ulcer, GERD, and hypersecretory conditions? Ranitidine (Zantac)
What drug takes 4-6 weeks for ulcers to heal? Ranitidine (Zantac)
Name 2 drugs that are Cytoprotective/ Anti-Ulcer Agents 1.Sucralfate (Carafate) 2.Misoprostol (Cytotec)
What class of drugs are administered within 30 mins before or after eating? Anti-ulcer
What drug prevents NSAID induced gastric ulcers in high risk patients Also treats duodenal ulcers but not prevents them? Misoprostol (Cytotec)
What GI drug is contraindicated with pregnancy because it causes a miscarriage? Misoprostol (Cytotec)
What drug is a Proton Pump inhibitors (PPI's) Anti-Secretory Agents? Omeprazole (Prisolec)
What drug treats heartburn & other symptoms of GERD, ulcers associated with H. pylori & hypersecretory conditions? Omeprazole (Prisolec)
What's the prototype for GI stimulants? Metoclopramide (Reglan)
What drug action increases ACH- increase peristalsis & gastric emptying; this drug also may act as an anti-emetic? Metoclopramide (Reglan)
What GI drug has Parkinson-like symptoms, extrapyramidal effects and tardive dyskinesia as the most serious side-effects? Metoclopramide (Reglan)
What drug is administered 30 minutes before meals or chemo to prevent N&V? Metoclopramide (Reglan)
Name 2 Antiflatulent drugs. Simethicone (Mylicon) Charcoal
What drug can also be used for infant colic? Simethicone (Mylicon)
What drug is also used an Antidote for overdoses? Charcoal
What's the drug of choice for antiflatuents? Charcoal
What's the name of the anti-flatuent drug whose doses are dependent on age, wt, and health? Charcoal
Name 3 types of Anti-emetics 1.Antidopaminergics 2.Anticholinergics 3.Selective serotonin receptor antagonist
Name the class of anti-emetics that block the nuerotransmitter, dopamine and considered sedatives/antipsychotics Antidopaminergics
Name the class of anti-emetics that treats N&V and motion sickness? Anticholinergics
What anti-emetic drugs that are under the Antidopaminergic classification? Phenergan
What must be done prior to administering IV Phenergan? Dilute drug
What drug is an example of Anticholinergics? Dramamine & benadryl
What drug that is an anti-emetics should not be given if a pt has Restless Leg Syndrome? benadryl
What anti-emetic drug is a Selective serotonin receptor antagonist? Ondansetron Hydrochloride (Zofran)
Name the drug that is used to induce vomiting Syrup of Ipecac
What class of drugs are not given to undiagnosed abdominal pain? Laxatives
What GI condition is better to treat with increase fluids, vegetables, fruits, bran products and increased activity (non-drug therapy)? Constipation
Name the 6 types of Laxatives 1.Saline Laxative (MOM) 2.Stimulant/irritant Laxatives 3.BULK FORMING 4.HYPEROSMOTIC 5.STOOL Softners 6.Lubricants
What type of Laxative is used to clear bowels for surgery or procedures, treats chronic/acute constipation? Saline Laxative (MOM)
What do you monitor as NURSE when giving laxatives? Electrolyte & fluid imbalance
What's considered the safest of all laxatives? BULK FORMING (Metamucil)
What type of laxative has the onset 12-24 hours? Bulk Forming
What antacids has a caution for... Caution- Renal insufficiency- aluminum binds w/ phosphate may cause hypophosphate, may cause hypomagnesaemia, b/c they do not excrete Mg at normal rates.
Name two types of Antidiarrheal Agents Locally Acting Agents Systemic Antidiarrheal Agents
Diarrhea is caused by bacteria, virus, decreased fluid absorption, s.e. of drugs, food poisoning, IBS, malabsorption syndromes, gastric bypass surgeries (gut is shortened), laxative abuse
What does a nurse need to monitor for diarrhea? dehydration, F&E imbalance, malnutrition (chronic)
What's the genetic name for Locally Acting Agents? locally Antidiarrheal agent (Pepto-Bismol)
What antidiarrheal agent causes stool look BLACK, tarry stools? locally Antidiarrheal agent (Pepto-Bismol)
What is a contraindications for anti-diarrheal medication? ON’T give if diarrhea is caused by certain GI toxins (Shigella, Salmonella and some strains of E.Coli.)
What diagnosis is the treatment for Irritable Bowel Syndrome? ( 5 drug classes) 1 Anticholinergics (decrease gastric motility) 2. antidepressants 3. anti-diarrheals 4. laxatives 5. antispasmodics (treat the symptoms)
Name 3 Drugs most commonly given for Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) 1.alosteron (Lotrenex) 2.tegaserod (Zelnorm) 3.dicyclomine (Bentyl) hycosamine (Levsin)
Name 2 drugs that anti-spasmodic treatment for IBS 1.dicyclomine (Bentyl) 2. hycosamine (Levsin)
Name 2 drugs approved for women with constipation prominent IBS alosteron (Lotrenex) tegaserod (Zelnorm)
What class of drugs are used to treat constipation? Laxatives
When should you NOT administer an anti-diarrheal? DON’T give if diarrhea is caused by certain GI toxins (Shigella, Salmonella and some strains of E.Coli.)
Created by: 2trisha
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