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Urinary Elimination
Objectives
Question | Answer |
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Identify the functions of the urinary system. | produce urine, collect it, and excrete it from the body. |
Describe the physical characteristics of urine and factors that affect urination. | a person's neuromuscular development, the integrity of the spinal cord, the volume of fluid intake, fluid losses from other sources, and the amount and type of food consumed. |
Name four types of urine specimens that nurses commonly collect. | voided urine specimens, clean catch urine specimens, catheter specimens, and 24 hour specimens. |
Identify three alternative devices for urinary elimination. | commode, urinal, or bedpan |
Define continence training. | the process used to restore the ability to empty the bladder at an appropriate time and place. |
Name three types of urinary catheters. | external, straight and retention. |
Describe two principles that apply to using a closed drainage system. | it is important to avoid dependent loops in the tubing, and the collection bag must be kept below the level of the bladder. |
Explain why catheter care is important in the nursing management of clients with retention catheters. | catheter care is hygiene measures that keep the urinary meatus and adjacent area of the catheter clean which helps deter the growth and spread of colonizing pathogens. |
Discuss the purpose for irrigating a catheter and methods for performing this skill. | catheters are irrigated to keep them patent or free flowing. They may be irrigated using an open or closed system or continuous by way of a three way catheter. |
Define urinary diversion. | a procedure in which one or both ureters are surgically implanted elsewhere. |
Discuss factors that contribute to impaired skin integrity in clients with a urostomy. | skin impairment is a common problem in clients with a urostomy b/c they require frequent appliance changes, and the contact of urine with the skin causes skin irritation. |