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hematologic drugs
pharm
Question | Answer |
---|---|
ferrous sulfate | iron deficiency anemia |
Vit b12 cyanocobalamin | pernicious anemia |
folic acid | megaloblastic anemia (decreased RBC production) |
factor VIII | hemophilia A- clotting disorder causing increased bleeding |
factor XI | hemophilia B- clotting disorder causing easy bruising and bleeding |
desmopressin | mild hemophilia A (trauma induced, surgery) |
heparin, enoxaparin | prevents DVT, PE, inhibits thrombin |
warfarin action | prevents DVT,PE, inhibits Vit K |
clopidogrel action | inhibits platelet aggregation |
alteplase action | can break up clots |
epoetin alpha action | produces RBC-erythrocytes |
hemophilia A and B action/instructions | anaphylaxis reaction, have emergency equipment ready |
desmopressin admin/A.E/instructions | give 30 min before surgery, can cause hyponatremia, monitor I&O and weight |
heparin action/ A.E/ interactions | inhibits thrombin/hemorrhage, thrombocytopenia, DVT, don't give NSAIDs to renal insufficient pts |
warfarin action/A.E/instructions | inhibits Vit K, decreases blood clot but DOES NOT rid of it, hemorrhage, toxicity (IF HAPPENS GIVE VIT K), pts should use electric razor, soft toothbrush, expect 3-5 days for full effects |
clopidogrel admin/A.E/interactions | stop 1 week before surgery, check platelet levels, bleeding TTP, No NSAIDs or Anticoagulants |
alteplase action/contraindications/interactions | breaks up clot, intracranial bleeding, cardiac dysrhythmias, No previous stroke within 6 months, No surgery 2-4 weeks prior |
epoetin alfa action/A.E/instructions | produces RBC, DONT shake vial, hypertension, chest pain, headache, MI, DVT, monitor Hgb- different for cancer pts |
protamine | use for heparin overdose |
when should you stop heparin | platelet count under 100,000 |
how to monitor heparin for correct admin | aPTT is 1.5-2 times clients baseline- test determines blood clotting time |
heparin and oral warfarin together | warfarin takes 3-5 days for full effect, then discontinue heparin |
warfarin pt discharge instructions | avoids NSAIDs, brush with soft toothbrush, ask before taking OTC drugs |
liquid ferrous sulfate admin | drink with straw, dilute with water, take with food if needed |
heparin treats | DVT |
folic acid (IV) A.E | rash |
filgrastim treats | chronic neutropenia (low WBC) |
factor VIII contraindication | aspirin |
warfarin daily lab tests | PT (prothrombin-protein in blood plasma that helps blood clot)/INR |
alteplase instructions | monitor temp, limit venipunctures, assess neurologic status, apply pressure to oozing sites |
what food is high in Vit k | mayonnaise |
alteplase action | dissolves thrombi( blood clots) |
filgrastim action | produces WBC-leukocytes |
clopidogrel A.E | thrombocytopenia (petechiae), vision changes, weakness |
Oprelvekin assess for A.E | ECG |
aspirin action | inhibits platelet aggregation by inhibiting cyclooxygenase in platelets |
alteplase A.E | headache |
ferrous sulfate instructions | eat iron enriched foods, spread dosage across each day, take on empty stomach, increase dietary fiber |
warfarin pt has rectal bleeding, administer what | Vit K |
ferrous sulfate A.E | constipation |
folic acid lab test for therapeutic effect | reticulocyte count- looks for amount of new RBC's |
alteplase severe reaction administer what | aminocaproic acid- helps blood clot |
factor IX eliminates R.F what disease | Creutzfeldt-Jakob's disease- memory loss with blurred vision or blindness, eventually causing dementia and even death |
desmopressin A.E | edema |
pt taking Desmopressin what electrolyte should be monitored | sodium, cause it can cause hyponatremia |
factor VIII instructions | have emergency equipment ready |
epoetin alfa admin | IV bolus over 1-3 min |
epoetin alfa lab to monitor | Hgb |
filgrastim A.E | enlarged spleen |
what promotes warfarin effectiveness | dietary modifications |
clopidogrel contraindications | PUD |
administer what to ferrous sulfate toxicity | deferoxamine |