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HST316B Final
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Which action signaled the beginning of the Cold War? | Stalin's refusal to remove Soviet troops from Eastern Europe after World War II |
| Which was the goal of the U.S. policy of containment in the years following World War II? | keeping the Soviet Union from expanding communism outside its borders |
| Which was the original purpose of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)? | to form a bloc of western nations to defend against Soviet aggression |
| Which name was given to the U.S. policy of giving military aid to countries to help them stop the spread of communism? | Marshall Plan |
| Which was the result of the Korean War? | A cease-fire agreement created a demilitarized zone along the 38th parallel. |
| Which term describes the widespread fear of communism in the 1950s? | Red Scare |
| How did McCarthyism and the fear of communism affect American society? | Church attendance increased and many Americans were willing to give up some civil liberties. |
| Why did the CIA support covert activity to restore the shah to power in Iran? | to protect oil interests and prevent the spread of communism |
| What was the baby boom? | the significant population growth following World War II |
| What happened when developers built affordable, mass-produced houses? | The suburbs grew as young families moved away from cities. |
| Which was one effect that television had on American society in the 1950s? | It promoted a common culture. |
| John F. Kennedy said, "Ask not what your country can do for you; ask what you can do for your country." How did those words affect young voters? | They were inspired to participate in working for their country. |
| Which did not play a significant role in the civil rights movement? | the election of Dwight D. Eisenhower as president |
| Which was the key focus of the Civil Rights Act of 1964? | eliminating segregation in most public places |
| Which was a major achievement of Lyndon Johnson's War on Poverty? | establishing Medicare and Medicaid |
| Which best summarizes the Supreme Court decision in Brown v. Board of Education? | Separate but equal schools were inherently unequal and unconstitutional. |
| How did the civil rights movement begin to change in the mid-1960s? | Many black leaders began to take a more militant approach to civil rights. |
| Which event gave President Johnson the support he needed to push for passage of the Voting Rights Act? | Bloody Sunday in Selma |
| Which sparked the Cuban Missile Crisis? | the discovery of Soviet missiles in communist Cuba |
| Which theory did four U.S. presidents use to justify U.S. participation in the Vietnam War? | domino theory |
| Which event resulted in President Johnson sending additional troops to Vietnam without a formal declaration of war? | Gulf of Tonkin incident |
| Why was waging war in Vietnam difficult for U.S. soldiers? | The Vietnamese terrain and climate were harsh and difficult. |
| Which U.S. president authorized a bombing campaign against Cambodia that resulted in increased opposition to the war in Vietnam? | Richard Nixon |
| What was the eventual outcome of the Vietnam War? | The fall of Saigon led to a unified, communist Vietnam. |
| Which 1960s group opposed the traditional values of the establishment? | the counterculture |
| Which was one effect of the women's movement on society? | an increase in the number of women enrolling in professional schools |
| Which proposal aimed to ban discrimination based on sex? | Equal Rights Amendment |
| Which inspired gays and lesbians, American Indians, and Hispanics to organize and advocate for their civil rights during the 1960s? | African American successes with their civil rights movement |
| Who was Cesar Chavez? | the founder of the National Farm Workers Association |
| Which is a federal agency established during the Nixon administration? | Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) |
| Which was one effect of the Watergate scandal on the nation? | People became more skeptical about politics and less trusting of government. |
| Which contributed to the economic problems of the 1970s? | an Arab oil embargo |
| Which was not an issue during the 1980 presidential election? | war in Iraq |
| Which was one reason some people supported supply-side economics and others opposed it? | It called for large tax cuts for the wealthy. |
| Why were many conservatives in favor of government deregulation? | They thought the excessive number of regulations hurt businesses. |
| In which country did Lech Walesa and Pope John Paul II play a role in ending communism? | Poland |
| In which area is Ronald Reagan's legacy usually considered strongest? | confronting the Cold War |
| How did glasnost and perestroika contribute to the fall of the Soviet Union? | They brought the outside world and different economic and political options to the people. |
| Which contribution did Bill Gates, Paul Allen, Steve Wozniak, and Steve Jobs make to computer usage? | operating systems and software that made personal computers possible |
| Which was one impact of reducing the size and cost of computers? | They became widely accessible to the public. |
| How did the development of the World Wide Web change communication? | It made the Internet widely accessible. |
| Which business practice of the 1990s changed the way U.S. companies produced goods and provided services? | outsourcing |
| Which issue largely related to Mexico became a major controversy in the 1990s? | illegal immigration |
| What agreement reduced trade barriers between the United States, Canada, and Mexico, but raised issues about protecting American jobs? | North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) |
| Which goal did the Clinton administration fail to achieve? | providing universal health care to all Americans |
| Which decision by the U.S. Supreme Court in the 2000 presidential election resulted in a widely disputed election? | to stop a vote recount in Florida |
| What effect did the 2000 presidential election have on the early months of the George W. Bush presidency? | His administration had a shaky start while controversy continued. |
| According to constitutional scholars, which principle was threatened by George W. Bush's interpretation of executive privilege? | separation of powers |
| Who was responsible for the 2001 terrorist attacks aimed at driving Americans out of all Islamic nations? | al-Qaeda and Osama bin Laden |
| Which legislation was intended to improve U.S. security after the September 11 attacks, but also raised concerns about American civil liberties? | the Patriot Act |
| Which accusation, given by President Bush as a reason for invading Iraq, later proved to be false? | Saddam Hussein had weapons of mass destruction. |
| Which was significant about the outcome of the 2008 presidential election? | The United States elected its first African American president. |
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mandy.safriet
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