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NUR101 Growth and De
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Piaget's Stage of Sensorimotor | birth-2 years experience world through senses and actions (looking, hearing, mouthing, touching and grasping) |
| Piaget's Stage of Preoperational | 2-6/7 years Represent things with words and images; using intuitive rather than logical reasoning |
| Piaget's Stage of Concrete Operational | 7-11 years Think logically about concrete events; grasps concrete analogies and performing mathematical operations |
| Piaget's Stage of Formal Operational | 12-adulthood Reason abstractly; potential for mature moral reasoning |
| Erickson's Basic Trust vs Mistrust | Infancy Birth-1 year learn to trust or not based on caring for basic needs (nourishment, sucking, warmth, cleanliness, contact) |
| Erickson's Autonomy vs shame and doubt | Toddler 1-3 years Learn to be self sufficient in activities; toileting, feeding, walking, talking- or doubt their own abilities |
| Erickson's Initiative vs Guilt | Preschool 4-6 years Want to understand adult-like activities. Sometimes go beyond parental limits and feel guilty |
| Erickson's Industry vs Inferiority | School Age 7-11 years Eagerly learn to be competent and productive or feel inferior and unable to do any task well |
| Erickson's Identity vs Role Confusion | Adolescence 12-19 years Try to figure out own identity. Establish sexual, ethnic and career identities or are confused about future roles |
| Erickson's Intimacy vs Isolation | Young Adulthood 20-44 years Seek companionship and love with another person or become isolated from others |
| Erickson's Generativity vs Stagnation | Middle Adulthood 45-65 years Productive, performing meaningful work and raising a family or becoming stagnant and inactive |
| Erickson's Ego Integrity vs Despair | Late Adulthood 65+ years Try to make sense out of their life, seeing life as meaningful and whole or despairing over goals not met or questions unanswered |
| Birth weight doubles by | 4-6 months |
| Birth weight triples by | 1 year |
| Teething begins | 5-6 months ofage |
| Anterior fontanel closes by | 12-18 months |
| Posterior fontanel closes by | 6-8 weeks |
| When adding food to a baby's diet, it should be done,,, | one at a time, several days apart, cereal first, then vegetables, then fruit, then meats |
| Tips for interacting with infants | speak softly, touch gently, keep parents near, swaddle, give familiar objects |
| What age should all baby (deciduous) teeth be in by | 2 1/2 years old |
| Toddler fears | separation, loss of control, restriction of movement, strangers, hospitals, procedures |
| Age range for toilet training | 18-24 months |
| Choking hazards for children (food) | Hot dogs, carrots, small candies, grapes |
| Tips for interactions with toddlers | keep interactions simple,may need to repeat yourself, encourage parental present, use distractions, play, when preparing for procedures, offer simple choices. |
| What age will the birth length double | 4 years old |
| Tips for interactions with preschoolers | Stress may cause regression, prepare child for procedures 5 minutes before, offer choices, need constant supervision, praise and reward after procedures |
| Age start losing baby teeth | 6 years |
| Tips for interaction school age | offer choices, encourage parental presence and participation, provide for privacy, help them feel useful, include in discussion. |
| Age group where the bones grow faster than the muscles leading to an increased risk of injury | Adolescence |
| Tips for interacting with adolescents | encourage discussion, allow for privacy, ask about alcohol, drug, cigarette use, sexual activity, look for signs of eating disorders, give choices, define and set limits |
| When should one be in optimal physical condition | Early Adulthood |
| Major concerns of early adulthood? | Heart disease and cancer |
| Age women should get first mammogram | 40 years old |
| Age men should get a prostate exam | 50 years old |
| Ageism | discrimination and prejudice against older adults. aging means decline and dying |
| Safety concern of older adults | Falls |
| Fall prevention includes these | decrease clutter, no scatter rugs, handrails in bathroom, shower seat, night light, change postion slowly |
| Tips for interaction with older adults | avoid medical terms, allow extra time to learn, allow verbalization of fears and concerns, preserve dignity and autonomy |
| Growth | change in size (physical) |
| Development | increase in physical, emotional, social or intellectual skills |
| Cephalocaudal | growth from head towards feet. head is larger than the body at birth |
| Proximodistal | growth that begins in the center of the body and works outward. Gain control of shoulders before hands and fingers |
Created by:
Ms. A LPNI
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