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Unit 2.5-2.9 Words
Words from learning objective 2.5-2.9
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Demographic Transition Model | a sequence of demographic changes in which a country moves from high birth and death rates to low birth and death rates through time |
| epidemiology | a branch of medicine that deals with incidence, distribution, and possible control of diseases and other factors relating to health |
| Epidemiological Transition Model | a shift in the disease pattern of a population as mortality fell during the first stages of the demographic transition. Acute infectious diseases were reduced, whereas chronic, degenerative diseases increased. It also meant a gradual upward shirt in the age distribution of deaths. |
| Crude Birth Rate (CBR) | the number of births per 1,000 individuals per year |
| Crude Death Rate (CDR) | the number of deaths per 1,000 individuals per year |
| demography | Scientific study of human populations |
| dependency ratio | the number of people under age 15 and over 64 compared to the number of people active in the labor force |
| ecumene | the portion of the earth's surface occupied by permanent human settlement |
| infant mortality rate (IMR) | the total number of deaths in a year among infants under 1 year old for every 1,000 live births in a society |
| life expectancy | a figure indicating how long, on average, a person may be expected to live |
| Maternal Mortality Rate | Number of deaths per thousand of women giving birth |
| epidemic | a widespread outbreak of an infectious disease |
| pandemic | disease that occurs over a wide geographic area and affects a very high proportion of the population |
| zero population growth | A decline of the total fertility rate to the point where the natural increase rate equals zero. |
| total fertility rate (TFR) | The average number of children a woman will have throughout her childbearing years. |
| Malthusian Theory | focuses on how the exponential growth of a population can outpace growth of the food supply and lead to social degradation and disorder |
| Neo-Malthusian Theory | Revisions of Malthusian theory about food production and population growth that include more information, such as taking into account the effects of technology. |
| Boserup Theory | Population growth stimulates intensification in agricultural development- opposite of Malthus theory. |
| immigration policy | government rules governing how individuals can enter a country and how long they are allowed to stay |
| pronatalist | a government policy that encourages or forces childbearing, and outlaws or limits access to contraception |
| antinatalist | Policies that discourage people from having children (China's One Child Policy) |
| contraception | Intentionally preventing pregnancy from occurring |
| Ravenstein's Laws of Migration | A set of 11 "laws" that can be organized into three groups: the reasons why migrants move, the distance they typically move, and their characteristics. |
| xenophobia | a fear or hatred of foreigners or strangers |
Created by:
karaangelos
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