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Ch 8-11 Key Terms

Maternity and Pediatric

QuestionAnswer
android pelvis the typical male pelvis; in the woman, the heart shape of the android pelvis is not favorable to a vaginal delivery
anthropoid pelvis woman's pelvis that is elongated in its dimensions and is sometimes referred to as apelike
caput succedaneum edematous swelling of the soft tissues of the scalp caused by prolonged pressure of the occiput against the cervix during labor and delivery. edema disappears within a few days
cardinal movements the turns and movements made during the journey of the fetus -referred to as mechanisms of delivery
cephalohematoma collection of blood between the periosteum and the skull caused by excessive pressure on the head during birth -also called cephalhematoma
diagonal conjugate area that extends from the symphysis pubis to the sacral promontory, which is measured to provide an estimate of the size of the obstetric conjugate
effacement softening and shortening of the cervix during labor
engaged the presenting part of the fetus has settled into the true pelvis at the level of the ischial spines
false pelvis the flared upper portion of the bony pelvis
fetal attitude the relationship of the fetal parts to one another
fetal lie the long axis of the fetus in relation the long axis of the pregnant woman
fetal presentation the foremost part of the fetus that enters the pelvic inlet
gynecoid pelvis categorized as a typical female pelvis (only half of women have this type) -the rounded shape of the gynecoid inlet allows the fetus room to negotiate the dimensions of the bony passageway
molding elongation of the fetal skull to accommodate the birth canal
obstetric conjugate the smallest diameter of the inlet through which the fetus must pass
platypelloid pelvis pelvis that is flat in its dimensions with a very narrow anterior-posterior diameter and a wide transverse diameter -this shape makes it extremely difficult for fetus to pass through body pelvis
station the relationship of the presenting part of the fetus to the ischial spines
true pelvis the portion of the pelvis below the linea terminalis
analgesia the use of medication to reduce the sensation of pain
anesthesia the use of medication to partially or totally block all sensation to an area of the body
doula birth assistants who are trained to provide the highest quality emotional, physical, and educational support to women and their families during childbirth and the postpartum period
effleurage a form of touch that involves light circular fingertip movements on the abdomen -technique women can use in early labor
intrathecal administration injection into the cerebrospinal fluid by lumbar puncture
opioids medications with opium-like properties - also called narcotic analgesics -most frequently administered medications to provide analgesia during labor
accelerations spontaneous elevations of the fetal heart rate (FHR)
amnioinfusion infusion of sterile fluid into the uterine cavity during labor
early deceleration the dip in the fetal heart rate (FHR) tracing that occurs in conduction with and miters a uterine contraction
episodic changes variations in the fetal heart rate not associated with uterine contractions
late decelerations decelerations that are offset from the labor contraction. Late decelerations begin late in the contraction and recover after the contraction has ended
lochia uterine discharge composed of blood, mucus, tissue, and white blood cells during the postpartum period
open-glottis pushing method of expelling the fetus that is characterized by pushing with contractions using an open glottis so that air is released during the pushing effort
periodic changes variations in the fetal heart rate (FHR) pattern that occur in conduction with uterine contractions
ritual a routine -in labor, a repeated series of actions that the woman uses as an individualized way of dealing with the discomfort of labor
urge-to-push method method of expelling the fetus in which the woman bears down only when she feels the urge to do so using any technique that feels right to her
uteroplacental insufficiency diminished or deficient blood flow to the uterus and placenta
variability fluctuation in the fetal heart rate (FHR)
variable deceleration a change in the FHR that may occur at any point during a contraction and has a jagged, erratic shape on the electronic fetal monitor (EFM) tracing
vigorous pushing method of expelling the fetus in which the woman is told to take a deep breath, hold the breath, and push while counting to 10. She is encouraged to complete three "good" pushes in this manner with each contraction
amniotomy artificial rupture of membranes (AROM)
cesarean birth the delivery of a fetus through abdominal and uterine incisions -laparotomy and hysterectomy, respectively.
chorioamnionitis bacterial or viral infection of the amniotic fluid and membranes
elective induction induction of labor in which the physician and the women decide to end the pregnancy in the absence of a medical reason to do so
episiotomy a surgical incision made into the perineum to enlarge the vaginal opening just before the baby is born
fetal fibronectin a protein found in fetal membranes and amniotic fluid
forceps metal instruments with curved, blunted blades (somewhat like large hollowed-out spoons) that are placed around the head of the fetus by the birth attendant to facilitate delivery
laminaria cervical dilators
perioperative period the period of time encompassing the surgical procedure that has three phases; preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative
time out one part of the Universal Protocol developed to reduce the incidence of wrong site, wrong procedure, and wrong person surgery. Each member of the surgical team and the patient stop right before the procedure to confirm agreement its all right
vacuum extraction procedure used to assist delivery in which the birth attendant places a suction cup (usually a soft silicone cup) on the fetal head and applies suction
vaginal birth after cesarean (VBAC) delivery of an infant vaginally when a previous delivery has been a cesarean birth
Created by: ahoyyitbeaddi
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