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Unit 5
Causes leading to war from end of French and Indian War to Pre-Revolution
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Town Meeting | Where people talked about and decided on issues of local interest, such as paying for schools. |
| English Bill of Rights | An act that reduced the powers of the English monarch. |
| Great Awakening | A religious movement that swept through the colonies in the 1730s and 17 40s - Jonathan Edwards (prominent leader) |
| Enlightenment | This movement, which took place during the 1700s, spread the idea that reason and logic could improve society. (using science vs. religion) |
| Pontiac | Chief Pontiac opposed British settlement of the land west of Appalachian Mountains. Pontiac's Rebellion began in May 17 63 when his forces attacked British forts on the frontier. |
| Proclamation of 1763 | This law banned British settlement west of the Appalachian Mountains. The law also ordered settlers to leave the upper Ohio River valley. |
| John Locke | Father of enlightenment philosophy. Believed governmental power was not derived through god to monarchs but rather was derived from the need to preserve “life, liberty, and property” of the governed. Believed in "Social Contract Theory." |
| Samuel Adams | Believed that Parliament could not tax the colonists without their permission. "No Taxation without Representation" Created Sons of Liberty |
| Sugar Act | Aimed at ending the smuggling trade in sugar and molasses from the French and Dutch West Indies and at providing increased revenues for British government to pay for the war. |
| Stamp Act | Required colonists to pay for an official stamp, or seal, when they bought paper items. The tax had to be paid on legal documents, licenses, newspapers, pamphlets, and even playing cards. |
| Quartering Act | Outlined the locations and conditions in which British soldiers are to find housing and food in the American colonies. |
| Declaratory Act | Stated that Parliament had the power to make laws for the colonies "in all cases whatsoever." |
| Townshend Act | This act placed duties on glass, lead, paints, paper, and tea. This allowed tax collectors to look for smuggled goods. |
| Thomas Hobbes | Says that there must be a supreme sovereign power of some kind in society; did believe all men are created "free and equal" |
| Montesquieu | Believed in separation of powers; Rule by the people (democracy) is best as long as have a balance of power. |
| Sons of Liberty | A secret society created by Samuel Adams to advance the rights of the colonists and to fight taxation from British government. Sometimes used violence to scare tax collectors. |
| Patriot | Colonists who rebelled against British control. |
| Loyalist | Also called Tory, was a colonist loyal to Great Britain and the monarchy. |
| Neutralist | Colonists who were too far away to fight, or embraced the beliefs of both parties. They didn't partake in the battles that their patriot and loyalist brethren often fought. |
| Committee of Correspondence | It's members shared ideas and information about the new British laws and ways to challenge them. |
Created by:
kthayer78
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