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CC11H SC11H
Pearson GCSE Combined and Separate Chemistry Higher
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What word goes in the gap of this sentence? The more reactive metals more easily ……….. electrons to form cations. | Lose |
| Complete this general equation for the reaction of metals with cold water | Metal hydroxide + Hydrogen |
| Name three metals that don’t react with either water or steam | Copper, Silver, Gold |
| Write a word equation for the reaction of calcium with hydrochloric acid. | Calcium + hydrochloric acid --> Calcium Chloride + Hydrogen |
| Complete the word equation for this displacement reaction | Aluminium sulfate + iron |
| Complete this half equation that show the oxidation of Magnesium | 2e- |
| For what metals is heating with carbon the correct method for extracting metals from their ore and why does it work? | For extracting less reactive metals such as zinc, iron, copper. Works because carbon is more reactive |
| What is oxidation | Gaining Oxygen. Describe the phytoextraction of metals from their ores |
| List the stages of a life cycle assessment. | Obtaining and processing raw materials, Making and packaging the product, Using the product, Disposal or recycling of the product |
| What word goes in the gap of this sentence? The less reactive metals less easily lose ……… to form cations. | electrons |
| Complete this word equation | Potassium hydroxide + Hydrogen |
| Name two metals that don’t react with cold water but do react with acid | Calcium, Magnesium, Zinc, Iron |
| Write a word equation for the reaction of sodium with nitric acid | Sodium + Nitric acid --> Calcium Nitrate + Hydrogen |
| Complete the equation for this displacement reaction CuSO4 + Zn | --> ZnSO4 + Cu |
| What is a spectator ion? | An ion that does not change its charge or state during a chemical reaction |
| Why are some metals extracted from their ores by electrolysis and not by the much cheaper method of heating with carbon? | The metal is more reactive than carbon |
| What is a redox reaction? | A reaction where both reduction and oxidation occur together |
| Describe the bioleaching of copper | Growing bacteria on poor quality copper ore. The bacteria produce a solution of copper sulfate from which copper can be extracted by electrolysis |
| Name two disadvantages of recycling metals. | Can be expensive, Can use a lot of time and energy in transporting, collecting and sorting |
| What is the purpose of the life cycle assessment of a product? | It assesses the environmental impact of all stages of a product’s lifecycle |
| What are the two main disadvantages of using electrolysis to extract metals? | Requires a large amount of energy to melt the compounds and to produce the necessary electricity |
| Why is aluminium oxide mixed with cryolite when extracting aluminium? | To lower the melting point |
| What is produced at the anode and cathode in the electrolysis of aluminium oxide? | Aluminium at the cathode and oxygen at the anode |
| Why does the anode need to be replaced in the electrolysis of aluminium oxide? | The oxygen reacts with the carbon electrode to produce carbon dioxide |
| What is the reactivity series? | A list of elements ordered by their reactivity. (K, Na, Ca, Mg, Al, (C), Zn, Fe, (H), Cu, Ag, Au) |
| How can metals be placed in order of their reactivity? | Add the metals to water or acid and see which ones react the most (by how much fizzing there is) |
| What is the name for a reaction where oxygen is removed from a compound? | Reduction |
| Explain why zinc can be extracted from zinc oxide with carbon but magnesium cannot be extracted from magnesium oxide with carbon | Magnesium is more reactive than carbon (1), Zinc is less reactive than carbon (1), Carbon can therefore remove oxygen from zinc oxide but not magnesium oxide (1) |
| Explain why gold and silver can be found naturally in the Earth's crust | It is very unreactive |
| What process is used to extract metals more reactive than carbon? Why? | Electrolysis. It is a stronger form of reduction |
| Define an ore | A material containing enough metal in it for it to be economically worthwhile to extract the metal |
| Define a displacement reaction | A reaction in which a more reactive element takes the place of a less reactive element in one of its compounds or in solution |
| Which of the substances below has been oxidized and which has been reduced? Al³⁺ + Fe → Fe³⁺ + Al | Aluminium has been reduced and iron has been oxidised |
| Show two half equations for the reaction below: Al³⁺ + Fe → Fe³⁺ + Al | Al³⁺ + 3e⁻ → Al, Fe → Fe³⁺ + 3e- |
| What is phytoextraction | Growing plants on areas of low grade ore, to concentrate the metal in the plant then extracting the metal from the plant |
| Why use phytoextraction | Allows us to extract ores from sites where it would not otherwise be cost effective |
| What are the stages of a life cycle assessment? | Effect on the environment of; obtaining raw materials, manufacturing the product, using the product and disposing of the product |
| How is copper extracted from its ore? | Heating with carbon |
| In this displacement reaction. What is oxidised and what is reduced? CuSO4 + Mg → MgSO4 + Cu | Copper gains electrons and is reduced. Magnesium loses electrons and is oxidised |
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Davenant Foundation School
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