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Chapter 4

TermDefinition
Culture group of belief systems, norms, and values practiced by a people.
Folk culture small, incorporates a homogenous population, is typically rural and cohesive in cultural traits that are passed down from generation to generation.
Popular culture large, incorporates heterogeneous populations, is typically urban, and quickly changes cultural traits.
Local culture group of people in a certain place who see themselves as a collective or a community, who share experiences and traits, and who work to preserve distinct customs in order to claim uniqueness and to distinguish themselves from others.
Material culture things people construct, such as art, houses, clothing, sports, dance and foods.
Nonmaterial culture beliefs, practices, aesthetic (what is seen as attractive), and values.
Hierarchical diffusion spread of an idea or innovation from one person or place to another person or place based on a hierarchy of connectedness. Specific type of expansion diffusion.
Hearth area or place where an idea, innovation, or technology originates
Customs practices that a group of people routinely follow.
Assimilation When a minority group loses distinct cultural traits, such as dress, food, or speech, and adopts the customs of the dominant culture. Can happen voluntarily or by force.
Indigenous local cultures people who see themselves as a community and also identify as indigenous, or original, to a place.
Context physical and human geographies creating the place, environment, and space in which events occur and people act.
Neolocalism seeking out the regional culture and reinvigorating it in response to the uncertainty of the modern world.
Ethnic neighborhoods area within a urban area where a relatively large group of people from one ethnic group or local culture lives.
Gentrification renewal or rebuilding of a lower-income neighborhood.
Cultural appropriation process by which other cultures adopt customs and knowledge and use them for their own benefit.
Commodification transformation of goods and services into products that can be bought, sold, or traded.
Authenticity idea that one place or experience is the true, actual one.
Distance decay decreasing likelihood of diffusion with greater distance from the hearth
Time-space compression increasing connectedness between world cities from improved communication and transportation networks.
Music festival concert event featuring multiple performers and additional entertainment that often lasts more than one day.
Hallyu (Hanryu) waves of South Korean popular culture that move quickly through Asia and that have resulted in significant growth in the South Korean entertainment and tourism industries.
Reterritorialization when a local culture shapes an aspect of popular culture as their own, adopting the popular culture to their local culture.
Stimulus diffusion process of diffusion where two cultural traits blend to create a distinct trait.
Relocation diffusion spread of an idea or innovation from its hearth by the act of people moving and taking the idea or innovation with them.
Cultural landscape visible human imprint on the landscape.
Placelessness loss of uniqueness of a location so that one place looks like the next.
Convergence of cultural landscapes merging of cultural landscapes that happens with broad diffusion of landscape traits.
Urban morphology layout of a city, including the sizes and shapes of buildings and the pathways of infrastructure.
Popular AP Human Geography sets

 

 



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