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Chapter 5
AP Human Geo
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Identity | How people make sense of themselves and how they see themselves at different scales. |
| Identifying against | Constructing an identity by first defining an “other” and then defining self “not the other.” |
| Gender | Socially constructed ideas of roles, behaviors, and activities that are appropriate for men and women |
| Race | Social constructions of differences among humans based on skin color that have had profound consequences on rights and opportunities. |
| Residential segregation | Degree to which two or more groups live separately from one another, in different parts of an urban environment. |
| Succession | Process by which new immigrants move to a city and take over areas or neighborhoods occupied by older immigrant groups. |
| Ethnicity | Identity shared by a group of people who have a common culture, generally based on cultural traits (religion, language), national origin, or race. |
| Structures of power | Assumptions and relationships dictating who is in control and who has power over others. |
| Sexuality | Sexual orientation or preference identified by a person |
| Intersectionality | Interconnection and overlap between social categories (e.g. race, sexuality, class, gender). |
| Gross national income (GNI) | A measurement of a country’s wealth that includes the total value of all goods and services produced within the borders of a country, plus income received from investments outside of the country in a year. |
| Formal economy | Economic productivity in agriculture, mining, industry, and services that is counted or taxed by the government. Trade is through formal channels, often using credit. |
| Informal economy | Portion of the economy that is not taxed or regulated by government. Goods and services are exchanged based on barter or cash systems, and earnings are not reported to the government. |
| Vulnerability | Probability of destruction of life or property from a hazard or crisis. |
| Sex ratio | number of males relative to number of females in a population |
| Dowry | Price paid in cash and gifts through marriage. Generally given by the bride’s family to the groom’s father. |
| Barrioization | Dramatic increase in Hispanic population in a neighborhood; referring to barrio, the Spanish word for neighborhood (defined by geographer James Curtis). |
Created by:
MissPizzazz
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