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chapter 5
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| identity | How people make sense of themselves and how they see themselves at different scales. |
| identifying against | constructing an identity by first defining the "other" and then defining ourselves as "not the others." |
| gender | Socially constructed ideas of roles, behaviors, and activities that are appropriate for men and women. |
| race | Social constructions of differences among humans based on skin color that have had profound consequences on rights and opportunities. |
| residential segregation | Degree to which two or more groups live separately from one another, in different parts of an urban environment. |
| succession | Process by which new immigrants move to a city and take over areas or neighborhoods occupied by older immigrant groups. |
| ethnicity | identity with a group of people who share the cultural traditions of a particular homeland or hearth. |
| structures of power | Assumptions and relationships dictating who is in control and who has power over others. |
| sexuality | sexual orientation or preference identified by a person |
| intersectionality | interconnection and overlap between social categories |
| gross national income | A measurement of a country’s wealth that includes the total value of all goods and services produced within the borders of a country, plus income received from investments outside of the country in a year. |
| formal economy | Economic productivity in agriculture, mining, industry, and services that is counted or taxed by government. Trade is through formal channels, often using credit. |
| informal economy | Portion of the economy that is not taxed or regulated by government. Goods and services are exchanged based on barter or cash systems, and earnings are not reported to government. |
| vulnerability | Probability of destruction of life or property from a hazard or crisis. |
| sex ratio | number of males relative to number of females in a population |
| dowry | Price paid in cash and gifts through marriage. Generally given by the bride’s family to the groom’s father. |
| barrioization | Dramatic increase in Hispanic population in a neighborhood; referring to barrio, the Spanish word for neighborhood |
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