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Chapter 5
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Identity | how people make sense of themselves and how they see themselves at different scales |
Identifying Against | constructing an identity by first defining an "other" and then defining self "not the other" |
Gender | socially constructed ideas of roles, behaviors, and activities that are appropriate for men and women |
Race | social constructions of differences among humans based on skin color that have had profound consequences on rights and opportunities |
Residential Segregation | degree to which two or more groups live separately from one another, in different parts of an urban environment |
Succession | process by which new immigrants move to a city and take over areas or neighborhoods occupied by older immigrant groups |
Ethnicity | identity shared by a group of people who have a common culture, generally based on cultural traits, national origin, or race |
Structures of Power | assumptions and relationships dictating who is in control and who has power over others |
Sexuality | sexual orientation or preference identified by a person |
Intersectionality | interconnection and overlap between social categories |
Gross National Income | a measurement of a country's wealth that includes the total value of all goods and services produced within the borders of country, plus income received from investments outside of the country in a year |
Formal Economy | economic productivity in agriculture, mining, industry, and services that is counted or taxed by the government. trade is through formal channels, often using credit |
Informal Economy | portion of the economy that is not taxed or regulated by government. goods and services are exchanged based on barter or cash systems, and earnings are not reported to government |
Vulnerability | probability of destruction of life or property from a hazard or crisis |
Sex Ratio | number of males relative to the number of females in a population |
Dowry | price paid in cash and gifts through marriage. generally given by the bride's family to the groom's father |
Barrioization | dramatic increase in Hispanic population in a neighborhood; referring to barrio, the Spanish word for neighborhood |