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4/28/20 6%
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 1. Rubella (German measles) is transmitted by which of the following routes: airborne contact droplet vehicle | droplet |
| 2. The purpose of nonmetallic forceps, acid-cleaned glassware and triple distilled water in silver techniques is to prevent: premature reduction of silver changes in pH of silver solution false negative staining contamination of silver solution | contamination of silver solution |
| 3. The special method Fite stain for Acid-fast Myecobacterium leprae protects the delicate waxy capsule with which of the following solutions? Acid alcohol solution Xylene-peanut oil Carnoy solution Aldehyde fuschsin solution | Xylene-peanut oil |
| 4. What is the drawback to using acetic acid as an additive to a fixative formula? Acetic acid is explosive. Acetic has a slow penetration rate. Acetic acid causes extreme swelling of tissues. Acetic acid is difficult to obtain. | Acetic acid causes extreme swelling of tissues. |
| 5. All of the following are characteristics of using zinc salts in fixatives EXCEPT: improves antigenicity and nuclear detail good replacement for mercury in fixatives preserves enzyme activity Good for long-term storage of wet tissue | preserves enzyme activity |
| 6. The chemical found in most respirator filter cartridges is: activated charcoal potassium permangante sodium bicarbonate vermiculite | activated charcoal |
| 7. What type of digestion is enzyme-induced epitope retrieval (EIER)? Acidic Enzymatic Antigenic Epitope | Enzymatic |
| 8. Tissue clearing can be accomplished by using which of the following reagents? Xylene Isopropyl alcohol (IPA) Limonene All of the above | All of the above |
| 9.Using the mechanism of incubation at differing pH levels, this enzyme stain differentiates type I, type IIA, and type IIB muscle fibers. Acid Phosphatase Stain a-Napthyl Acetate Esterase Stain Napthol AS-D Chloroacetate Esterase Stain ATPase Stain | ATPase Stain |
| 10. Which procedure stains muscle, keratin and cytoplasm tissue componentsRED? Verhoeff van Gieson Masson trichrome Mallory PTAH | Masson trichrome |
| 11.What is the Gordon and Sweets silver staining method primarily used to demonstrate? Muscle Collagen Elastic fibers Reticular fibers | Reticular fibers |
| 12.Which of the following fixatives will give a false-positive Schiff's reaction with a PAS stain? Bouin's Glutaraldehyde Osmium tetroxide Carnoy's | Glutaraldehyde |
| 13.Orth solution is prepared with which of the following constituents? mercuric chloride, potassium dichromate, and sodium sulfate potassium dichromate, sodium sulfate, and 37-40% formaldehyde potassium dichromate, sodium sulfate, and absolute alcohol | potassium dichromate, sodium sulfate, and 37-40% formaldehyde |
| 14.What range of dilutions would you use for the first dilution panel if the antibody data sheet suggested a 1: 50 dilution? 1:50, 1:100, 1:200, 1:300, 1:500 1:10, 1:25, 1:50, 1:100, 1:200 1:50, 1:200, 1:400, 1:1000 1:1, 1:20, 1:50, 1:75, 1:100 | 1:10, 1:25, 1:50, 1:100, 1:200 |
| 15. Which of the following tissue components are demonstrated by the Bodian stain? Nissl substance Glial cells Astrocytes Neurofibrils | Neurofibrils |
| 16.Why should paraffin be cooled as rapidly as possible after embedding tissue? To ensure large wax crystal formation To ensure small wax crystal formation To remove air bubbles from the paraffin To aide paraffin infiltration of the tissue | To ensure small wax crystal formation |
| 17.Inadvertantly, the tissue became dried out during processing, before the paraffin step, and is now very hard to section. The tissue could be re-softened by placing it in a solution containing which of the following? Decalcifier Formalin Glycerol Ph | Glycerol |
| 18.Celestine blue is an iron stain that may be substituted for hematoxylin in the H&E procedure. True False | True |
| 19.Which of the following is a characteristic of an inadequate fixative? Maintains proper tissue morphology Penetrates tissue rapidly Penetrates tissue slowly Neither shrinks or swells the tissue | Penetrates tissue slowly |
| 20.Impregnation is the staining mechanism by which a metallic substance attaches to or over a tissue structure and is made visible during staining by chemical reduction of the metal. True False | True |
| 21.Mohs skin techniques rely solely on properly prepared paraffin-embedded tissue for diagnosis. True False | False |
| 22.Employee evaluation systems which rely primarily on productivity measures tend to: produce low employee turnover produce low employee morale increase employee productivity have little effect on employee turnover | produce low employee morale |
| 23.In a gross description, purulen means: fluid-filled foul smelling containing pus necrotic | containing pus |
| 24.Which of the following can NOT be used as a chromagen enhancer? Copper Gold Potassium Silver | Potassium |
| 25.To protect the exposed tissue during storage, paraffin blocks may need to be: dipped filed stacked trimmed | dipped |
| 26Micro exam of control sect. of smallintestine stained w/colloidal iron shows marked staining of lamina propria.This could most likely be corrected by rinsing slides with 3% acetic acid before and after carefully preparing a new colloidal iron solution | carefully preparing a new colloidal iron solution |
| 27. Which of the following is a characteristic of the paraffin sectioning process? Difficult to produce ribbons Best method for rapid diagnosis Uses a flotation bath Does not require deparaffinization | Uses a flotation bath |
| 28.Helly fluid is an excellent fixative for: DELETE bone marrows hemoglobin spirochete stains lipids | bone marrows |
| 29.Which of the following describes the process of establishing and declaring that a person has met the standards established by a professional organization? accreditation certification credentialing licensure | certification |
| 30.When cutting paraffin sections, what is the most common cause of unsatisfactory sections? Poor fixation of tissue A dull, nicked, or dirty blade Flotation bath is too warm Paraffin with a low melting point | A dull, nicked, or dirty blade |
| 31. Acetic acid is added to Harris hematoxylin to: Keep chromatin from staining Ripen hematoxylin Make nuclear staining more specific | Make nuclear staining more specific |
| 32.Mayer Mucicarmine is useful for the demonstration of Cryptococcus neoformans. True False | True |
| 33.Ergonomics is defined as design of machine & equipment for human use & determination of: A. appropriate human behaviors for efficient operation of those machine B. fastest way possible to accomplish a task utilizing those machines | A. the design of machines and equipment for human use, and the determination of the appropriate human behaviors for efficient operation of those machines. |
| 35.The primary aim of policy and procedure manuals is to ensure regulatory requirements information effective communication accreditation requirements | effective communication |
| 36. The simplest form of a carbohydrate is a monosaccharide. Which of the following is a monosaccharide? Mucin Glycogen Glucose | Glucose |
| 37.Which of the following specimens are commonly stained with the PAP stain? Gynecological smears Paraffin processed bone marrow Sputum and urine Brushings and washings Fine needle aspirations | Gynecological smears Sputum and urine Brushings and washings Fine needle aspirations |
| 38.Excess silver pigments are removed in the Gordon and Sweet's silver staining procedure using which of the following? 1% periodic acid 5% hypo solution (sodium thiosulfate) 5% borax 0.2% gold chloride | 5% hypo solution (sodium thiosulfate) |
| 39. Which of the following stains demonstrate amyloid protein deposits in tissue? Congo Red Crystal Violet Thioflavine T Oil Red O | Congo Red Crystal Violet Thioflavine T |
| 40.Washboarding (undulations) introduced into tissue sections is MOST often caused by an unstable work surface or microtome parts that are not properly tightened. True False | True |
| 42. One characteristic of Carnoy solution is that it: causes marked tissue swelling preserves the lipid capsule of acid-fast bacilli hemolyzes red blood cells gives poor nuclear preservation | hemolyzes red blood cells |
| 43.Combining alcian blue at a pH of 2.5 with hyaluronidase digestion will differentiate: sulfated and carboxylated mucins acidic and neutral mucins stromal and epithelial mucins carcinomas and lymphomas | stromal and epithelial mucins |
| 44.A pathologist might choose an ATPase calcium method to demonstrate enzyme activity in: synapses muscle fibers pancreas liver | muscle fibers |
| 45.Improper fixation will likely produce: intact and unaltered mitochondrial cristae nuclei containing nuclear pores mobilization of cytoplasmic proteins glass, evenly dispersed ground substance | mobilization of cytoplasmic proteins |
| 46.Weigert's iron hematoxylin is used in which of the following special stains? Alcian Blue Muller-Mowry Colloidal Iron Congo Red Mayer Mucicarmine | Mayer Mucicarmine |
| 47.At a minimum, how often should a flotation bath be emptied and refilled? Once a week Once a day Every other day Once a month | Once a day |
| 48.The Chemical Hygeine Plan is a written plan to protect employees from which of the following hazards? bloodborne pathogens equipment ergonomics formaldehyde | formaldehyde |
| 49. Blades and tools used for cryotomy should be kept cold inside the cryostat for optimal frozen sectioning. True False | True |
| 50.Most embedding molds used today are usually made of which of the following materials? aluminum copper lead zinc | aluminum |
| 51.The agency that has published guidelines for the preparation of technical procedure manuals is the: Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO) National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS) | National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS) |
| 52.A combination method for demonstrating fat and myelin in frozen sections of brain is: Luxol fast blue-PAS Luxol fast blue-oil red O H&E Holzer's | Luxol fast blue-oil red O |
| 53.When a hazardous chemical is a single substance, its chemical and common name(s) must be listed on the: manufacturer's web site inside of the container lid vendor's web site MSDS sheets | MSDS sheets |
| 54.In medical terms such as leukocytosis or cirrhosis, what is the meaning of the suffix -osis? Condition Tumor Pain Inflammation | Condition |
| 55. Neuclei are considered ______________tissue elements, which are stained with basic dyes, such as hematoxylin. Basophilic Acidophilic | Basophilic |
| 56.Myelin, although usually stained with Luxol fast blue, can also be stained with: solochrome cyanine RS toluidine blue O trypayn blue indazol blue R | solochrome cyanine RS |
| 57. When alcohol is substituted as the diluent of formaldehyde solutions, the result is: faster fixation less hardening of the tissue a greater loss of glycogen better preservation of fats and lipids | faster fixation |
| 58.Acidic dyes contain basic groups that have an affinity for acidic tissue elements. True False | False |
| 59.What is the preferred stain for demonstrating renal basement membranes? Periodic acid-Schiff with hematoxylin (PASH) PAS with digestion (PASD) Alcian blue 2.5 None of the above | Periodic acid-Schiff with hematoxylin (PASH) |
| 60. Which of the following electron microscopy fixatives is stable at room temperature? Karnovsky paraformaldehyde-glutaraldehyde 2 - 3% glutaraldehyde Zamboni solution 1% phosphate buffered osmium tetroxide | Zamboni solution |
| 61. Disease processes known as "mycoses" belong to this specific classification of microorganisms: bacteria viruses fungi protozoa | fungi |
| 62.A method used to quanitify the number of ferruginous bodies present in wet lung tissue is to digest the specimen using: hydrogen peroxide household bleach potassium permanganate picric acid | household bleach |
| 63. What is the bevel angle of most rotary microtome knives/blades? 3-8° 15-23° 27-32° 42-45° | 27-32° |
| 64. How often should the acid solution in an ion-exchange resin decalcifying system be changed? Twice a day Daily Once or twice a week Does not need to be changed | Does not need to be changed |
| 65. The thickness of most glass slides is how many millimeters? 0.1 to 0.5 0.5 to 1.0 1.0 to 1.5 1.5 to 2.0 | 1.0 to 1.5 |
| 66.Fatty skin and breast tissue should be sectioned in a cryostat at what temperature? -5° C to -15° C -15° C to -20° C -20° C to -30° C Any of the above | -20° C to -30° C |
| 67. This is where transitional epithelium is found. Kidney Esophagus Bladder Gastrointestinal tract | Bladder |
| 68.As a student is learning to cut with the microtome, the ribbon keeps getting pulled the wrong direction and sticks to other parts of the microtome.What is the most likely cause? Too much humidity A magnet nearby Static electricity | Static electricity |
| 69What should the pH of 10% neutral buffered formalin (NBF) be? 3 6 7 9 | 7 |
| 71. Which of the following reagents is added to formaldehyde stock solution to prevent polymerization? Acetic acid Methyl alcohol Sodium chloride Chloraform | Methyl alcohol |
| 72. A fresh kidney core bx must be shipped to another facility for immunoflourescent studies to be performed.To safely transport the specimen for immunofluorescence, what should it be placed in? Orth's solution Michel's solution Hypertonic saline | Michel's solution |
| 73. The aqueous fixative 10% formalin is considered a "universal fixative" because it is the fastest fixative currently available. True False | False |
| 74. A question on a quiz requires the candidate to calculate the change in temperature from Celsius to Fahrenheit. The question is considered which of the following taxonomy levels? I II III IV | II |
| 75.Why are blocking methods used? (Choose all that apply.) Enhance staining Prevent excessive background Prevent false-positives Block endogenous biotin | Enhance staining Prevent excessive background Prevent false-positives |
| 76. The function of Bouins solution in trichrome stains is that of: Oxidizer Reducer Developer Mordant | Mordant |
| 77. The PTAH stain is useful in the diagnosis of a rhabdomyosarcoma, as this tumor is a malignant neoplasm of: smooth muscle skeletal muscle epithelium glands | skeletal muscle |
| 78Which precautions should be taken when detecting Acid-fast bacteria in tissue sections? +/- control tissue stained along w/ patient tissue DI water rinses used during staining procedures Filtered distilled water used in floatation bath All of them | All of them |
| 79. When staining for calcium with alizarin red S, tissue sections are deparaffinized and taken to: distilled water 25% alcohol 95% alcohol 1% acetic acid | 95% alcohol |
| 80. A paraffin embedded fingernail is difficult to section.How can microtomy be improved? embedding the nail parallel to the knife treating the block with acidic decalcifying solution soaking the block in a solution that softens keratin All of them | soaking the block in a solution that softens keratin |
| 81. Giemsa stains demonstrate which of the following? Select the single best choice. Helicobacter pylori Toxoplasma gondii Rickettsia All of the above | All of the above |
| 82. Which of the following is the only stain that is NOT compromised if zinc tris fixative is used? Congo red Mallory’s trichrome Gomori’s methenamine silver Collagen IHC | Congo red |
| 83. When the back edge of the knife leads during sharpening, it is referred to as: edging honing sliding stropping | stropping |
| 85. The bevel angle can be adjusted on a microtome by moving the knife tilt/knife holder to an angle between 3-8°. True False | False |
| 86. What is the minimum education requirement for testing personnel in high complexity testing laboratories? Bachelor's degree Master's degree High school diploma Associate's degree | Associate's degree |
| 87. All tools that are used to manipulate paraffin ribbons (forceps, sticks, brushes, etc.) from the block face have the potential for introducing artifacts and increasing cross-contamination. True False | True |
| 88. A procedure that demonstrates carcinoid tumors as well as alpha cells of the pancreas is the: Sevier-Munger Warthin-Starry Grimelius periodic acid-Schiff | Grimelius |
| 89. What is another name for the eyepiece of a light microscope? Objective Ocular Substage Condenser | Ocular |
| 90. Select the methods can be used to increase the rate of staining. Increase the temperature of the dye Decrease the temperature of the dye Increase the concentration of the dye | Increase the temperature of the dye Increase the concentration of the dye |
| 91. If the capsule that surrounds a lymph node is not sectioned or nicked, the node will: become necrotic have inadequate fixation swell during processing shrink during processing | have inadequate fixation |
| 92. In addition to its ability to stain argentaffin cell granules, the Fontana-Masson technique may also be used to stain: lipids collagen melanin spirochetes | melanin |
| 94. Select the malignant neoplasm that is of connective tissue origin: adenocarcinoma glioblastoma hepatocellular carcinoma chondrosarcoma | chondrosarcoma |
| 95. Xylene, toluene, and benzene belong to what chemical class? Hydrocarbon Ketone Phenol Sterol | Hydrocarbon |
| 96. Which of the following inquiries can legally be made regarding a job applicant's affiliations? specific jobs, social organizations or experiences that relate to the position the applicant is seeking religious affiliations of the applicant | specific jobs, social organizations or experiences that relate to the position the applicant is seeking |
| 97. The permissible exposure limit (PEL), measured as an 8-hour time weighted average (TWA) for formaldehyde in the workplace is: 0.5 ppm 0.75 ppm 1.0 ppm 2.0 ppm | 0.75 ppm |
| 98. All knives or blades, before and after use, should be cleaned with: alcohol, followed by water ether, followed by acetone water, followed by toluene xylene, followed by alcohol | xylene, followed by alcohol |
| 99. How many grams of K2(SO4) are required to prepare 500 mL of a 0.5N solution? [M.W .s are: K = 39, S = 32, O = 16). 174 87 43.5 22.75 | 22.75 |
| 100. Orientation of fresh tissue for cryo-sectioning is simpler than orientation of processed tissue for paraffin sectioning. True False | False |
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