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Unit 2 2514
Laxatives
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the mechanism of action of Psyllium Mucilloid (Metamucil)? | Bulk-forming agent: this is a non-digestible and non-absorbable substance that swells in water making a gel- like substance that softens feces and increases bulk, stretching out the bowel and stimulating peristalsis. |
| How does Polyethylene glycol(PEG) work to promote defecation? | Osmotic agent: it pulls water from the body into the bowel by increasing osmotic pressure. Water makes the feces swell, which distends the bowel and stimulates peristalsis. |
| What teaching should be included for a client who is taking an osmotic laxative such as lactulose or PEG? | Increase water intake, as these medications may cause dehydration because they pull water from the body into the bowel. |
| What class of drug does bisacodyl (dulcolax) belong to? | Stimulant laxatives. These stimulate intestinal motility and increase the amount of water and electrolytes in bowel which softens the stool and increases peristalsis. |
| A client with constipation is treated with PEG. What assessments should the nurse complete? | Assess for response to the medication in the form of bowel movements, assess for fluid volume status (monitor fluid intake, assess for signs of dehydration). |
| The nurse is administering Psyllium Mucilloid (Metamucil). What is the rationale for taking this medication with a full glass of water or juice? | If they are taken without sufficient fluid they may be excessively thick and cause obstruction in the bowel or esophagus. Remember they cannot be absorbed so they must travel through the intestines. |
| A client taking magnesium hydroxide (milk of magnesium) is monitored for renal function. Why? This drug cannot be used in renal impairment, as magnesium is excreted by the kidneys and can become toxic in clients with CKD. | This drug cannot be used in renal impairment, as magnesium is excreted by the kidneys and increased Mg can become toxic in clients with CKD. |
| What are the uses of laxatives? | To medically manage constipation and also prior to any bowel surgery or procedure to remove contents of the bowel or intestinal tract. |
| A patient complains of having diarrhea for a few days after taking laxatives prescribed by his doctor. The nurse assessing him would be concerned about which 2 serious adverse effects? | Dehydration and electrolyte imbalance. |
| What type of laxative would the nurse expect the physician to prescribe for the the patient assessed by the nurse to have difficult dry hard stools? | Emollient laxatives such as docusate salts (Colace )would work best for this since they promote water and fat in the stools and lubricate the fecal material and intestinal walls to soften the stool and make it easier to pass. |
| What is one other use of the hyperosmotic laxative Lactulose that you are aware of? | Can be used to reduce blood ammonia levels in liver or renal disorders in addition to as a laxative |
Created by:
Shamilla
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