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Chapter 15
Respiratory System
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Pharynx | Throat |
Larynx | Voice Box |
Trachea | Windpipe |
Bronchi | Branches |
Lungs | Pulmonary ventilation |
Alveoli | Extremely tiny, very thin- walled sacs |
Upper Respiratory Tract | Composed of the nose, pharynx, and larynx |
Lower Respiratory Tract | Consists of the trachea, all segments of the bronchial tree and lungs |
Respiratory Mucosa | The membrane that lines most of the air distribution tubes in the system |
Mucus | Thick, slippery material that is secreted by the mucous membrane and keeps the membrane moist |
Ciliary Escalator | Process of cilia moving mucus an entrapped particles upward and out of the respiratory tract |
External nares | Nostrils |
Nasal Cavities | Right and left cavities are lined by respiratory mucosa |
Nasal Septum | Separates the two nasal cavities |
Paranasal sinuses | Four sinuses 1. Frontal 2. Maxillary 3. Sphenoid 4. Ethmoidal |
Nasopharynx | Uppermost part of the tube behind the nasal cavities |
Oropharynx | Portion behind the mouth |
Laryngopharnx | Lowest segment of the tube |
Epiglottis | Acts like a trapdoor, closing off the larynx during swallowing and preventing food and liquids from entering the trachea |
Bronchioles | Very small passageways |
Alveolar ducts | Resembles the main stem of a bunch of grapes |
Alveolar sacs | Each alveolar duct ends in several sacs that resemble a cluster of grapes |
Alveoli | Small cavity, resembles a single, hollow grape |
Pulmonary ventilation | Regular breathing |