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Chapter 10 Vocab
Ap Human Geography vocab
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Gross national product | A measurement of a country’s wealth that includes the total value of all goods and services produced by residents of a country, including domestic and foreign production, in a year |
Gross domestic product | A measurement of a country’s wealth that includes the total value of all goods and services produced within a country in a year |
Gross national income | A measurement of a country’s wealth that includes the total value of all goods and services produced within the borders of a country, plus income received from investments outside of the country in a year |
Per capita GNI | The Gross National Income (GNI) of a given country divided by its population |
Formal economy | Economic productivity in agriculture, mining, industry, and services that is counted or taxed by government. Trade is through formal channels, often using credit |
Informal economy | Portion of the economy that is not taxed or regulated by government. Goods and services are exchanged based on barter or cash systems, and earnings are not reported to government |
Digital divide | Growing gap in access to Internet and communication technologies between connected and remote places |
Dependency ratio | Number of people not working age (0-14 and over 65) relative to number of people working age (15 to 64) |
Sustainable development goals | Agenda agreed to by member countries of the United Nations to improve peoples’ lives across several human conditions, including education, environment, political liberty, poverty, and inequality |
Modernization model | |
Context | |
Neocolonialism | |
Structuralist theory | |
Dependency theory | |
Dollarization | |
World systems theory | |
Three tier structure | |
Core | |
Periphery | |
Semi-periphery | |
Commodity chain | |
Break of bulk point | |
Structural adjustment loans | |
Washington consensus | |
Neoliberalism | |
Trafficking | |
Maquilladora | |
Desertification | |
Islands of development | Cities in developing regions where foreign investment is concentrated and to which rural migrants are drawn |
Non governmental organizations | Privately funded institutions that aid in development and relief work |
Microcredits programs | Practice of giving small loans to individuals, who operate within a community of other borrowers, to start businesses and cottage enterprises |