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The product of what two factors equals total exposure?
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CALCULATE: If the radiographer is exposed to 0.93 mgya/h what will be the total occupational exposure after 15 minutes?
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ARRT Review
Radiation Safety Part 4 - Radiation Exposure and Monitoring
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The product of what two factors equals total exposure? | Exposure rate x exposure time = total exposure |
| CALCULATE: If the radiographer is exposed to 0.93 mgya/h what will be the total occupational exposure after 15 minutes? | Answer= 0.2325 mgya (work it out: 0.93 divide by 60 seconds x 15 minutes) |
| CALCULATE: If the radiographer is exposed to 0.62 mgya/h what will be the total occupational exposure after 5 minutes? | Answer= 0.051 mgya (work it out: 0.62 divide by 60 seconds x 5 minutes) |
| What is the unit used to describe ionization in air? | Gya ( Air Kerma) |
| hat unit is used to describe absorbed dose? | Gray in tissue (Gyt) |
| What unit is used to describe occupational exposure? | Sv (Sievert) |
| Which "traditional" unit measures the ionization of the air and is used to document leakage ? | R (roentgen) |
| The amount of energy deposited and resulting in possible biologic damage are related on what four factors? | (1) type of radiation, (2) atomic number of tissue (3) mass density of tissue (4) energy of the radiation |
| The acronym "rad" refers to | radiation equivalent man (same unit as Gray in SI) = absorbed dose taking in NO radiation types |
| The acronym "rem" refers to | radiation equivalent man (same unit as the Sievert in SI) = after the type of radiation has been calculated |
| rad x QF = which units (traditional and SI) | rem and SV (absorbed dose x radiation quality factor) = what is on dosimeter report |
| Gy x Wr x Wt = which type of dose | EfD (Effective Dose) |
| Which portion of this equation "Gy x Wr x Wt =" represents the degree of radiosensitivity of the irradiated organ/tissue? | Wt |
| Which portion of this equation "Gy x Wr x Wt =" represents the ionizing capability of the irradiating photons? | Wr |
| Which portion of this equation "Gy x Wr x Wt =" represents the degree of absorbed dose? | Gy (gray) |
| Gy x Wr = which type of dose | EqD (Equivalent Dose) - Dosimeter reports |
| CFR states that radiation monitoring must be provided for occupationally exposed individuals who are likely to receive more than ___________th (fraction) of the annual dose limit | 1/10 |
| List four types of personal radiation monitors | OSL, TLD, Film Badge, Pen pocket type, and digital USB |
| What is the active ingredient in OSL dosimeters? | Aluminum Oxide |
| What is the active ingredient in a TLD? | Lithium Fluoride ( Calcium as well) |
| Which is the most accurate personal dosimeter? | OSL |
| Which type of dosimeter be be used for an immediate reading? | Pocket Dosimeter |
| What device serves as the standard for comparison with all the personal dosimeters returned to the processing facility? | The control badge |
| Where should the typical personal radiation monitor be worn? | at the collar level, always facing forward to allow filters to give an accurate reading |
| How should a radiation monitor be worn with a lead apron? | outside the lead apron at the collar level |
| Where should the fetal monitor always be worn? | under the lead apron at all times at the level of the waist |
| Where should the control badge be kept? | in a radiation free area - usually in the RSO office |
| The filters used in dosimeters serve to identify: | The type and energy of radiation |
| Which personal radiation monitor senses material emitting blue light when stimulated by green light? | Aluminum oxide |
| What is the annual dose limit for occupational exposed individual 18 years and older? | 50 msv |
| What does the control badge measure? | background radiation |
| Which dosimeter's radiation is measured by the amount of heat and then light given off when processed? | TLD (heats up lithium crystals, gives off heat which will produce light - the more light the more exposure) |
| What is the annual dose limit for exposed individuals younger than 18? | 1 msv |
| A pregnant workers gestational fetal exposure must not exceed? | 5 msv |
| A pregnant workers monthly fetal exposure must not exceed? | .5 msv |
| What acronym serves as a reminder to us to keep exposures to the patients and ourselves to a judicious minimum? | ALARA |
| How can a radiation worker determine their lifetime cumulative effective dose limit (CumEfD)? | age x 10 msv |
| What is a 35 year old radiation worker's cumulative dose limit? | 350 msv |
| The NCRP's recommendation for infrequent exposure to nonoccupationally exposure individuals is ____ annual EfD limit | 5 msv |
| The NCRP's dose recommendation for an annual whole body EfD to occupational workers is ______ | 50 msv |
| The NCRP's dose recommendation for the lens to occupational workers is ______ | 150 msv |
| The NCRP's dose recommendation for the lens to non-occupational workers is ______ | 15 msv |
| The NCRP's dose recommendation for deterministic effects of the extremities for occupational workers is ______ | 500 msv |
| The NCRP's dose recommendation for deterministic effects of the extremities for non-occupational workers is ______ | 50 msv |
| Radiographers should wear their dosimeter at collar-level in order to approximate dose to what organ? | Thyroid |
| Who is the individual what receives and reviews the personnel monitoring reports to ensure radiation safety compliance? | RSO (Radiation Safety Officer) |
| If a worker has ND or M on their dosimeter report what does this indicate? | Minimal dose or Negligible dose. The dose is was either 0 or below the sensitivity level of the dosimeter. |
| Isotopes have a different number of __________ | Neutrons. They have the same amount of protons, but add neutrons to change the mass. The more neutrons they have , the more unstable they are. |
| Atoms have the same amount of protons as they do __________ | electrons |
| How will the x-ray photon intensity be affected if the source to image distance is doubled? | decreases 4x |
| If the SID increases and the mA is increased to maintain intensity, the ESE will _________________ | decrease |
| Which of these factors contribute to the amount of scatter radiation: radiation quality, field size, and grid ratio | radiation quality, field size |
Created by:
rcberger06
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