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Nursing meds
| Drug | Info |
|---|---|
| flucloxacillin /Amoxicillin (Penicillin) | INFECTIONS Beta-Lactam, Prevent cell wall synthesis (bacteria leaks and dies), risk of anaphylaxis/allergies, be aware of allergies, avoid rapid IV infusion |
| Cephalexin (cephalosporins) | INFECTIONS Beta-Lactam, Prevent cell wall synthesis (bacteria leaks and dies), risk of decreased kidney blood flow, monitor renal function. Deactivate Aminoglycosides if given together. |
| Vancomycin | INFECTIONS Glycopeptide,Prevent cell wall synthesis (bacteria leaks and dies), risk for nephro + oto toxicity, monitor renal function, avoid loop duiretics |
| Azithromycin "romycin"s | INFECTIONS Macrolides, Bind to 50s ribosomes subunits (prevent protein synthesis), risk of photosensitivity, altered cardiac electrical function, Monitor HR |
| Gentamicin | INFECTIONS Aminoglycoside, Bind to 30s ribosome subunits (prevent protein synthesis),risk of nephro-oto+neuro toxicity, Small therapeutic range, Monitor for dizziness, Deactivated by Cephlesporins. |
| Paracetamol | MILD PAIN non-opiod/narcotic, Decrease synthesis of prostaglandins, risk of overdose + nephrotoxicity, <4g daily |
| Ibuprofen/Aspirin/Diclofenac | MODERATE PAIN + FEVER, NSAID, Prevent synthesis of prostaglandins, risk of GI bleeding + ulcers, use Panadol to lower dose of NSAIDs |
| Morphine/Fentanyl/Codeine/Oxycodone | SEVERE PAIN, Opoid/Narcotic, Prevent nerve transmission of pain by binding to opiod recptors, risk of Resp-depression, nausea, addiction, constipation, check for allergies, resp-sedation+ vital assessments frequently needed, laxatives? |
| Diazapam/Valium | PAIN, Adjuvant, Not a pain medication but can help with treating pain along side other meds, relaxer. |
| Metoproplol "olol"s | HYPERTENSION, TACHYCARDIA + H-ATTACK, Beta blocker, block beta receptors in the heart to increase HR+BP, risk of bronchospasm, hypotension+bradycardia, Monitor BP + HR, May mask hypoglycaemia signs |
| Digoxin | ATRIAL ARRHYTHMIA+HEART FAILURE, Antiarrhythmics, reduce AV node conduction, ^contractility and pumping efficiency, risk of toxicity, monitor with ECGs |
| Amiodarone | TACHYARRYTHMIAS + ATRIAL FIBRILLATION, Antiarrhythmics, decrease SA node activity (slows AV conduction), risk of CNS+pulmonary toxicity, monitor BP |
| Amlodipine "pine"s | HYPERTENSION, Calcium channel blocker, block calcium channels, risk of hypotension, Monitor BP |
| Ventolin (SABA) | ASTHMA + COPD SYMPTOM RELIEF, Beta-2 agonist (Short acting), Risk of tremor, palpitations + insomnia, Increased use requires asthma management review, check inhaler technique |
| Formetarol/Salmeterol (LABA) "ol"s | ASTHMA + COPD PREVENTER, Beta-2 agonist (Long acting), Risk of tremor, palpitations + insomnia, check inhaler technique |
| Prednisone/Cortisone/Beclomethasone "sone"s | RESP INFLAMMATION + ASTHMA, Corticosteroids, decrease airway inflammation, risk of Dysphonia + sodium/water retention, rinse + spit after inhalation to avoid infection |
| Ipratropium | ASTHMA + COPD, Anticholinergic, risk of dry mouth + throat irritation, educate to avoid eye contact + alert Dr if vision alters |
| Furosemide (Loop) | HYPERTENSION, RENAL DISEASE, CARDIAC FAILURE + OEDEMA, Loop Diuretic, prevents sodium and water retention in loop of hence ^fluid output/removal, risk of Dehydration + electrolyte imbalance, Monitor U+E |
| Chlorothiazide (thiazide) | HYPERTENSION, RENAL DISEASE, CARDIAC FAILURE + OEDEMA, Thiazide Diuretic, ^sodium + chloride excretion preventing water reabsorption, risk of Dehydration + electrolyte imbalance, Monitor U+E |
| Amiloride (K+ Sparing) | HYPERTENSION, RENAL DISEASE, CARDIAC FAILURE + OEDEMA, Potassium sparing Diuretic, block sodium channels to prevent sodium reabsorption ^ urine output, risk of weakness, dizziness + electrolyte imbalance, Monitor U+E |
| Ramipril/Captopril "pril"s | HYPERTENSION, ACE-Inhibitor, Block conversion of angiotensin I to II decreasing vasoconstriction + BP, risk of Hypotension, dizziness + renal impairment, Monitor BP, electrolytes and renal function |
| Atorvastatin "statin"s | HYPERCHOLESTROLEMIA, Lipid lowering agent, Prevents HMG-COA reductase to decrease plasma + LDL cholesterol ^HDL cholesterol, risk of muscle pain and impaired liver function, U+E baseline blood tests, more effective in evening |
| Glyceryl-trinitrate (nitroglycerin) "itrate"s | EASE + PREVENT ANGINA PAIN, Nitrates, Relax blood vessel wall (wider) ^blood and O2 to the heart, risk of headache, dizziness, flushed face + palpitations, monitor BP + HR, educate to get up slowly, provide pain killers. |
| Aspirin "in"s | PREVENT BLOOD CLOTS, Anticoagulant, Prevents platelet formation by preventing cyclooxyrgenase (COX), risk of bleeding + GI upset, Cease 7 days prior to surgery to decrease risk of bleeding, educate to report bleeding + bruising |
| Warfarin "in"s | PREVENT BLOOD CLOTS, Anticoagulant, Prevents vitamin K clotting factor formation to stop clotting,, risk of hemorrhage + tissue necrosis, Cease 7 days prior to surgery to decrease risk of bleeding, educate to report bleeding + bruising |
| Heparin/Enoxaparin "in"s | PREVENT BLOOD CLOTS, Anticoagulant, Inactivates clotting factors IIA + XA to prevent clotting, risk of bleeding + bruising, Cease 7 days prior to surgery to decrease risk of bleeding, educate to report bleeding + bruising, protein reverses heparin |
| Mylanta | GORD, DYSPEPSIA + PEPTIC ULCERS, Antacid, Neautralise hydrochloric acid (rise PH to 6-7), risk of constipation, diarrhoea + ^magnesium, can decrease the effect of other medications |
| Ranitidine | GORD, DYSPEPSIA + PEPTIC ULCERS, Histamine-2 receptor agonist, decrease production of hydrochloric acid by blocking activation from histamine-2 receptors, risk are infrequent/rare |
| Esomeprazole | GORD, DYSPEPSIA + PEPTIC ULCERS, Proton pump inhibitor, block and prevent proton pump, Risk of mild GI upset. |
| Ondansetron (5HT3 antagonist) "setron"s | NAUSEA + VOMITING, Antiemetics, Block 5HT3 receptors in chemo receptor trigger zone + GI tract (block vomiting activation),risk of dehydration, generally well tolerated, ensure adequate hydration |
| Metoclopramide (Dopamine-2 antagonist) | NAUSEA + VOMITING, Antiemetics, Block dopamine receptors in chemo trigger zone + GI tract (block vomiting activation),risk of dehydration, generally well tolerated, ensure adequate hydration |
| Lactulose (osmotic) | CONSTIPATION, osmotic laxative, (hypertonic) water is drawn into intestine stimulating peristalsis, risk of nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea + dehydration, caution for those with acute abdominal conditions |
| Senna (Stimulant) | CONSTIPATION, Stimulant laxative, Stimulate nerve endings to ^ peristalsis, risk of nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea + dehydration, caution for those with acute abdominal conditions |
| Ducostate (stool softener) | CONSTIPATION, Stool softener laxative, Allows water to mix with faces = soft stool + easy passage, risk of nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea + dehydration, caution for those with acute abdominal conditions |
| Psyllium (bulk form) | CONSTIPATION, bulk forming laxative, absorb water to increase stool bulk to stimulate peristalsis, risk of nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea + dehydration, need to be taken with lots of water to be effective, caution for those with acute abdominal conditions |
| Metformin | T2D, Glycemic lowering agent, prevent glucose production in the liver + enhance insulin sensitivity, risk of GI intolerance, Best with or soon after food, monitor BGLs |
| Gliclazide | T2D, Sulfonylurea, ^insulin secretion from beta cells in pancreas, risk of hypoglycaemia (from excess production of insulin), Monitor BGLs |
| Novarapid (rapid) | T1D + badly controlled T2D, Rapid acting Insulin, Regulates glucose movement into cells by stimulating glucose uptake + preventing glucose production in the liver, risk of Hypoglycaemia, Monitor BGLs + adjust insulin requirements if needed. |
| Actrapid (short) | T1D + badly controlled T2D, Short acting Insulin, Regulates glucose movement into cells by stimulating glucose uptake + preventing glucose production in the liver, risk of Hypoglycaemia, Monitor BGLs + adjust insulin requirements if needed. |
| Lantus (long) | T1D + badly controlled T2D, Long acting Insulin, Regulates glucose movement into cells by stimulating glucose uptake + preventing glucose production in the liver, risk of Hypoglycaemia, Monitor BGLs + adjust insulin requirements if needed. |
Created by:
emmalani1
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