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Antiemetic drugs
Antiemetic Agents
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Phenothiazines Drugs | Prochlorperazine (generic) Chlorpromazine (generic) Perphenazine (generic) |
Phenothiazines Actions | Actions Depresses various areas of the central nervous system (CNS) |
Phenothiazines Indications | Indications Treatment of nausea and vomiting |
Phenothiazines Contraindications | Contraindications Coma, severe CNS depression, brain damage or injury Severe hypotension or hypertension Severe liver dysfunction |
Phenothiazines Caution | Caution Renal dysfunction Moderate liver impairment Active peptic ulcer Pregnancy and lactation |
Phenothiazines Adverse Effects | Adverse Effects Drowsiness, dizziness, weakness, tremor, headache Hypotension, hypertension, cardiac arrhythmias |
Phenothiazines Adverse Effects continued | Dry mouth, nasal congestion, anorexia, pallor, sweating, urinary retention Menstrual disorders, galactorrhea, and gynecomastia Photosensitivity |
Phenothiazines Drug-Drug Interactions | Drug-Drug Interactions Other CNS depressants, including alcohol |
Nonphenothiazines Drugs | Metoclopramide (Reglan) |
Nonphenothiazines Actions | Actions Acts to reduce the responsiveness of the nerve cells in the CTZ to circulating chemicals that induce vomiting |
Nonphenothiazines Indications | Indications Prevention of nausea and vomiting |
Nonphenothiazines Adverse Effects | Adverse Effects Drowsiness Fatigue Restlessness Extrapyramidal symptoms |
Substance P/Neurokinin 1 Receptor Antagonists Drugs | Aprepitant (Emend) Rolapitant (Varubi) |
Substance P/Neurokinin 1 Receptor Antagonists Actions | Actions Act directly in the CNS to block receptors associated with nausea and vomiting |
Substance P/Neurokinin 1 Receptor Antagonists Indications | Indications In combination with other agents to prevent nausea and vomiting |
Substance P/Neurokinin 1 Receptor Antagonists Pharmacokinetics | Pharmacokinetics Given orally, metabolized in the liver, and excreted in urine and feces |
Substance P/Neurokinin 1 Receptor Antagonists Contraindication | Contraindication Allergy |
Substance P/Neurokinin 1 Receptor Antagonists Caution | Caution Pregnancy and lactation |
Substance P/Neurokinin 1 Receptor Antagonists Adverse Effects | Adverse Effects Anorexia, fatigue, constipation, diarrhea, liver enzyme elevation, dehydration |
Substance P/Neurokinin 1 Receptor Antagonists Drug-Drug Interactions | Drug-Drug Interactions Pimozide, warfarin, hormonal contraceptives |
Miscellaneous Agents Drugs | Dronabinol (Marinol) and nabilone (Cesamet) Contain the active ingredient of cannabis Hydroxyzine (Vistaril) May suppress cortical areas of the CNS Trimethobenzamide (Tigan) Not associated with as much sedation and CNS suppression as other agents |